H This is the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) posting for the comp.os.vmsI and vmsnet.misc newsgroups.  (comp.os.vms is bidirectionally-gatewayed to H the INFO-VAX mailing list - see below for further details.)  It containsG answers to frequently asked questions about Digital's OpenVMS operating 1 system and the computer systems on which it runs.   0 This FAQ is archived in the following locations:) 	comp.answers and news.answers newsgroups & 	ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/DEC/dec-faq 	ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/4 	http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/  , The archive name for this FAQ is dec-faq/vms  E To make suggestions for changes or additions to this Frequently Asked G Questions list, send mail to the editor at lionel@quark.enet.dec.com.   # Answers are especially appreciated.    Some general notes:   H The term "VMS" is synonymous with "OpenVMS".  "Alpha" or "AXP" generallyI refers to any system based on Digital's Alpha AXP processor architecture. L OpenVMS manual names mentioned are those as of V6.1 - names may be different- in earlier editions of the documentation set.   H World-Wide Web Universal Resource Locator (URL) notation is used for FTP
 addresses.  F Many people have contributed to this list, directly or indirectly.  InG some cases, an answer has been adapted from one or more postings on the D comp.os.vms newsgroup.  Our thanks to all of those who post answers.H The name (or names) at the end of an entry indicate that the informationD was taken from postings by those individuals; the text may have beenG edited for this FAQ.  These citations are only given to acknowledge the 
 contribution.   C Although the editor of this FAQ is an employee of Digital Equipment D Corporation, this posting is not an official statement from Digital  Equipment Corporation.    C Alpha AXP, AXP, DEC, OpenVMS, VAX and VMS are trademarks of Digital N Equipment Corporation.  Other names are properties of their respective owners.   Changes since last edition( ========================================( AXP2 page size corrected, text expanded., DECW1 comment about DECNET node names added. DECW9 added. FILE3 text on fsync expanded.  INTRO5 expanded.G PROG2 description of how to tell if you were invoked by a CLI expanded.  PROG9 added. SOFT1 expanded UTIL1 added.     Introduction( ========================================* INTRO1.  What is the scope of comp.os.vms?= INTRO2.  What other newsgroups carry VMS-related information?  INTRO3.  What is INFO-VAX?< INTRO4.  How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?2 INTRO5.  How do I submit a question or a response? INTRO6.  What is DECUS?    General questions about OpenVMS ( ========================================. VMS1.   What is OpenVMS?  What is its history?7 VMS2.   What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS? * VMS3.   How do I port from VMS to OpenVMS?* VMS4.   Which is better - OpenVMS or UNIX?  	 Alpha AXP ( ========================================* AXP1.   What do the letters AXP stand for?= AXP2.   What are the OpenVMS differences between VAX and AXP? = AXP3.   Are there Alpha AXP systems on the net I can try out? D AXP4.   How do I join Digital's Independent Software Vendor program?  ! Documentation and other resources ( ========================================: DOC1.   Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?: DOC2.   What online information is available from Digital?2 DOC3.   What books and publications are available?   System Management ( ========================================# MGMT1.  What is an installed image? 0 MGMT2.  Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?1 MGMT3.  How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?    MAIL( ========================================$ MAIL1.  How do I send Internet mail?J MAIL2.  How do I get IN% or MX% added automatically to Internet addresses?K MAIL3.  How do I automatically append a signature file to my mail messages? A MAIL4.  Do I have to use VMS MAIL?  I like my Unix mailer better. L MAIL5.  How can I forward my mail?  Can I forward it to an Internet address?9 MAIL6.  How can I forward my mail to a list of addresses? J MAIL7.  MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't.  What do I do?   Other Utilities ( ========================================4 UTIL1.  How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?   DCL and command usage ( ========================================. DCL1.   How do I run a program with arguments?/ DCL2.   How can I redefine control keys in DCL? * DCL3.   How can I clear the screen in DCL?   File System and RMS ( ========================================" FILE1.  How can I undelete a file?B FILE2.  Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?B FILE3.  How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?   Programming ( ========================================: PROG1.  How do I call <routine_name> from <language_name>?9 PROG2.  How do I get the arguments from the command line? = PROG3.  How do I get a formatted error message in a variable? B PROG4.  How do I link against SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STB on an AXP system?8 PROG5.  How do I do a SET DEFAULT from inside a program?K PROG6.  How do I create a shareable image transfer vector on an AXP system? F PROG7.  How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on AXP?< PROG8.  How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?= PROG9.  How do I get the argument count in a Fortran routine?   
 DECwindows( ========================================  F DECW1.  How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?9 DECW2.  How do I create a display on another workstation? F DECW3.  How can I get the information from SHOW DISPLAY into a symbol?0 DECW4.  How do I get a log of a DECterm session?E DECW5.  Problem - the DELETE key deletes forward instead of backward! 7 DECW6.  Problem - On a DEC2000-300, Motif doesn't start < DECW7.  Problem - My LK401 keyboard unexpectedly autorepeatsI DECW8.  Problem - My LK411 sends the wrong keycodes or some keys are dead 3 DECW9.  How do I set the title on a DECterm window?    Software( ========================================; SOFT1.  Where can I find lots of free software for OpenVMS?       < ------------------------------------------------------------* INTRO1.  What is the scope of comp.os.vms?  E The comp.os.vms newsgroup is the primary newsgroup for discussion of  G Digital's OpenVMS operating system and the computer systems on which it E runs.  Questions about layered products which run on OpenVMS are also C welcome, though many of them (in particular, language compilers and C database systems) have more specific newsgroups.  If a question has . some relationship to OpenVMS, it belongs here.  < ------------------------------------------------------------= INTRO2.  What other newsgroups carry VMS-related information?   D The vmsnet.* hierarchy, run by DECUS, contains several newsgroups ofI interest, including vmsnet.misc and vmsnet.alpha, the latter being mostly ? devoted to Alpha AXP topics.  There's also vmsnet.sources (and  J vmsnet.sources.d) to which sources for or pointers to freeware are posted.F See the separate "What is VMSNET" monthly posting for further details.  H The comp.sys.dec newsgroup carries discussions about all Digital systems  as well as about Digital itself.  < ------------------------------------------------------------ INTRO3.  What is INFO-VAX?  D INFO-VAX is a mailing list which is bidirectionally gatewayed to theC comp.os.vms newsgroup.  This means that postings to comp.os.vms get L automatically sent to INFO-VAX subscribers and messages sent to the INFO-VAXK list are automatically posted to comp.os.vms.  INFO-VAX can be a useful way F to participate in the newsgroup if you can't access the group directly through a news reader.  H An important point to keep in mind is that propagation delays vary, bothD within the newsgroup and with INFO-VAX mailings.  It's possible thatI postings may not be delivered for several days and some may appear out of  order.  < ------------------------------------------------------------< INTRO4.  How do I subscribe to or unsubscribe from INFO-VAX?  H The address for subscription requests, as well as notes intended for theO moderator, is Info-VAX-Request@Mvb.Saic.Com.  Subscription requests are handled N automatically by a mail server.  This mail server ignores the subject line andL processes each line of the message as a command.  The syntax for subscribing5 and unsubscribing to this mailing list is as follows:    0 SUBSCRIBE INFO-VAX      (ADD is a valid synonym)G UNSUBSCRIBE INFO-VAX	(REMOVE, SIGNOFF, and SIGN-OFF are valid synonyms)    K Case is irrelevant and attempts to fetch a copy of the mailing list will be J rejected (I consider the information to be confidential).  Any message notI understood by the mailserver will be forwarded to a human (allegedly) for  manual processing.  				[Mark.Berryman@Mvb.Saic.Com]  > If you are on Bitnet, send a mail message containing the text L "SUBSCRIBE INFO-VAX" to LISTSERV@(nearest listserv system).  To unsubscribe,L send a message containing the text "SIGNOFF INFO-VAX" to the *SAME* listserv	 address.    C If you are on the Internet in the UK, send a message containing the F word SUBSCRIBE (or UNSUBSCRIBE) to info-vax-request@ncdlab.ulcc.ac.uk.  < ------------------------------------------------------------2 INTRO5.  How do I submit a question or a response?  J If you are using a news reader, post your question to comp.os.vms.  If youK want to submit through INFO-VAX, send the message to Info-VAX@mvb.saic.com.   J Before posting, please use available local resources, such as the manuals,L HELP and this FAQ first.  Also make a point of reading the release notes forJ the product you're using, generally placed in SYS$HELP.  Often you'll find; the answer and will save time and effort for all concerned.   8 When posting, please consider the following suggestions:  E     1.  Include a valid e-mail address in the text of your posting or D         in a "signature" appended to the end.  Reply-to addresses in 	headers often get garbled.   F     2.  If you are submitting a question, please be as specific as youJ         can.  Include relevant information such as processor type, product< 	versions (VMS and layered products that apply) and a short,A 	reproducible example of problems.  Say what you've tried so far, E 	so that effort isn't duplicated.  Keep in mind that there's not yet  ? 	a telepathy protocol for the Internet - the more detailed your - 	description, the better people can help you.   I     3.  If responding to a posting, include in your reply only as much of F         the original posting as is necessary to establish context.  AsE 	a guideline, consider that if you've included more text than you've  E 	added, you've possibly included too much.  Never include signatures   	and other irrelevant material.   E     4.  Be polite.  If the question isn't worded the way you think is C         correct or doesn't include the information you want, try to > 	imagine what the problem might be if viewed from the poster's< 	perspective.  Requests for additional information are often> 	better sent through mail rather than posted to the newsgroup.  E     5.  If you have a problem with Digital (or any vendor's) product, ?         use the appropriate support channel.  Don't assume that D 	newsgroup postings will get read or responded to by the appropriate
 	developers.    < ------------------------------------------------------------ INTRO6.  What is DECUS?   D DECUS, the Digital Equipment Computer Users Society, is a World WideF organization of Information Technology professionals interested in theI products, services, and technologies of Digital Equipment Corporation and  related vendors.     J Membership in the Chapter is free and provides participants with the meansI to enhance their professional development, forums for technical training, G mechanisms for obtaining up-to-date information, advocacy programs, and G opportunities for informal disclosure and interaction with professional  colleagues of like interest.  M For further information, see the separate monthly "What is DECUS" posting, or 7 refer to the DECUS WWW server at http://www.decus.org .   < ------------------------------------------------------------. VMS1.   What is OpenVMS?  What is its history?  N OpenVMS, originally called VMS (Virtual Memory System), was first conceived inM 1976 as a new operating system for Digital's new, 32-bit, virtual memory line N of computers, eventually named VAX (Virtual Address eXtension).  The first VAXI model, the 11/780, was code-named "Star", hence the code name for the VMS M operating system, "Starlet", a name that remains to this day the name for the I system library files (STARLET.OLB, etc.).  VMS version X0.5 was the first N released to customers, in support of the hardware beta test of the VAX-11/780,D in 1977.  VAX/VMS Version V1.0 shipped in 1978, along with the first revenue-ship 11/780s.   H OpenVMS was designed entirely within Digital Equipment Corporation.  TheN principal designers were Dave Cutler and Dick Hustvedt.  OpenVMS was conceivedK as a 32-bit, virtual memory successor to Digital's RSX-11M operating system J for the PDP-11.  Many of the original designers and programmers of OpenVMSM had worked previously on RSX-11M, and many concepts from RSX-11M were carried  over to OpenVMS.  K OpenVMS is a 32-bit, multitasking, multiprocessing virtual memory operating K system. Current implementations run on Digital's VAX and Alpha AXP computer  systems." 				[winalski@gemgrp.enet.dec.com]  G For more details on OpenVMS and its features, read the OpenVMS Software  Product Descriptions at:I   ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/SPD/25-01-39.txt   (OpenVMS VAX) I   ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/SPD/41-87-02.txt   (OpenVMS AXP)   < ------------------------------------------------------------7 VMS2.   What is the difference between VMS and OpenVMS?   I VMS and OpenVMS are two names for the same operating system.  Originally, D the operating system was called VAX-11/VMS; it changed to VAX/VMS atE around VAX/VMS V2.0.  When the VMS operating system was ported to the I Alpha AXP platform, it was renamed OpenVMS, for both VAX and AXP, in part D to signify the high degree of support for industry standards such asH POSIX, which provides many features of UNIX systems.  An OpenVMS licenseH allows you to install and run POSIX for OpenVMS at no additional charge;E all you need is the media and documentation which can be found on the F Consolidated Distribution and On-Line Documentation CD-ROMs.  For more! information on POSIX for VMS see: ?   ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/Digital/info/pr-news/92060311FS.txt   C What became confusing is that the OpenVMS name was introduced first F for OpenVMS AXP V1.0 causing the widespread misimpression that OpenVMSD was for AXP only, while "regular VMS" was for VAX.  In fact, DigitalC officially changed the name of the VAX operating system as of V5.5, F though the name did not start to be actually used in the product until V6.0.   C The proper names for OpenVMS on the two platforms are "OpenVMS VAX"  and "OpenVMS AXP".  < ------------------------------------------------------------* VMS3.   How do I port from VMS to OpenVMS?  9 You already did.  Wasn't that easy?  (See question VMS2.)   < ------------------------------------------------------------* VMS4.   Which is better - OpenVMS or UNIX?  M This question comes up periodically, usually asked by new subscribers who are M long-time UNIX users. Sometimes, it is ignored totally; other times, it leads N to a long series of repetitive messages that convince no one and usually carryD little if any new information.  Please do everyone a favor and avoid- re-starting this perpetual, fruitless debate.  					[leichter@lrw.com]   F Seriously, OpenVMS and the better implementations of UNIX are all fineE operating systems, each with its strengths and weaknesses.  If you're E in a position where you need to choose, select the one that best fits C your own requirements, considering, for example, whether or not the @ layered products or specific OS features you want are available.  J See also question VMS2 for information on POSIX for OpenVMS which provides* significant UNIX functionality on OpenVMS.  					[lionel@quark.enet.dec.com]  < ------------------------------------------------------------* AXP1.   What do the letters AXP stand for?  I While there are many fanciful "definitions" which have circulated widely, H the truth is that AXP is not an abbreviation nor an acronym; the lettersC do not mean anything.  They are just three letters chosen to form a 
 trademark.  E When it came time to chose a "marketing name" for the Alpha AXP line, E Digital was in a quandary.  The internal "code name" for the project, K Alpha, was widely known and would seem the ideal choice, but it was already J in common use by a number of other companies and could not be trademarked.G A well-known "name search" firm was hired and was asked to come up with F two lists of possible names.  The first list was intended to evoke theC feeling of "extension to VAX", while the second list was to suggest G "not a VAX".  Unfortunately, none of the choices offered were any good; I for example, "VAX 2000" was found on the first list while the second list < contained "MONDO" (later to be used for a kids' soft drink).  J Shortly before announcement, a decision was made to name the new line ARA,F for Advanced RISC Architecture.  However, a Digital employee in IsraelJ quickly pointed out that this name, if pronounced in the "obvious" manner,M sounded very much like an Arabic word with decidely unfortunate connotations. F Eventually, AXP was selected; the architecture would be referred to as= "Alpha AXP" whereas products themselves would use just "AXP".   I Despite all this, everyone went on calling the new line "Alpha".  Digital I has recognized this by coining a new "AlphaGeneration" trademark to apply J to all products (hardware, software and services) related to the Alpha AXP line.   < ------------------------------------------------------------= AXP2.   What are the OpenVMS differences between VAX and AXP?   G Very few.  As of OpenVMS V6.1, the VAX and AXP platforms are very close B to "feature parity".  Most applications can just be recompiled and& run.  Some differences to be aware of:  ?     - The default double-precision floating type on OpenVMS AXP D       is VAX G_float, whereas on VAX it is usually D_float.  D_float>       is available on AXP, but D_float values are converted toA       G_float for computations and then converted back to D_float E       when stored.  Because the G_float type has three fewer fraction E       bits than D_float, some applications may get different results. 9       IEEE float types are also available on OpenVMS AXP.   C     - Data alignment is extremely important for best performance on =       AXP.  This means that data items should be allocated at C       addresses which are exact multiples of their sizes.  Quadword ?       alignment will offer the best performance, especially for A       character values and those smaller than 32 bits.  Compilers B       will naturally align variables where they can and will issue3       warnings if they detect unaligned data items.   A     - DEC C is the only C compiler Digital offers on OpenVMS AXP. A       It is compatible with DEC C on OpenVMS VAX, but is somewhat L       different from the older VAX C compiler most people are familiar with.D       Read up on the /EXTERN_MODEL and /STANDARD qualifiers to avoid       the most common problems.   I     - The page size on AXP systems is variable, but is at least 8K bytes. E       This can have some effect on applications which use the $CRMPSC B       system service as well as on the display of available memoryF       pages.  The page size is available from $GETSYI(SYI$_PAGE_SIZE).  B There are also a number of manuals which discuss migration to AXP.  H     - "A Comparison of System Management on OpenVMS AXP and OpenVMS VAX"B     - "Migrating to an OpenVMS AXP System: Planning for Migration"B     - "Migrating to an OpenVMS AXP System: Porting VAX MACRO Code"E     - "Migrating to an OpenVMS AXP System: Recompiling and Relinking"   L These are part of the "AXP Migration Kit" (which is part of the "ProgrammingN Kit" - which in turn is part of the "Standard Set" if ordering documentation.)N Check out the "Overview of OpenVMS Documentation" book on the Bookreader-basedL doc set included on the OpenVMS AXP V6.1 distribution CD for part numbers of/ both assorted "kits" and/or individual manuals.   < ------------------------------------------------------------= AXP3.   Are there Alpha AXP systems on the net I can try out?   H Yes.  Two OpenVMS AXP and two DEC OSF/1 AXP systems are available.  EachH has a wide variety of layered products installed and they can be used toD test or port applications or just to "try it out".  The systems are:       OpenVMS: 	    axpvms.pa.dec.com 	    axpvms.cc.utexas.edu   
     OSF/1: 	    axposf.pa.dec.com 	    axposf.stanford.edu  D To apply for a free account, telnet to the system of your choice and- log in as axpguest; no password is required.    < ------------------------------------------------------------D AXP4.   How do I join Digital's Independent Software Vendor program?  M Digital Equipment Corporation is evaluating a new service  for members of our $ Independent Software Vendor Program.
               L This potential new service will provide technical assistance  to IndependentO Software Vendors who are porting their  applications to the Alpha AXP platform. 
               < For more information, send mail to AXP-developer@digital.com  < ------------------------------------------------------------: DOC1.   Where can I find online copies of OpenVMS manuals?  @ Digital's OpenVMS documentation is copyrighted and is not freely> available on the net.  Documentation is offered in CD-ROM formI through a subscription to the Consolidated On-Line Documentation (ConOLD) G product.  ConOLD manuals are readable with Bookreader, a viewer that is J supplied with DECwindows Motif.  VTBOOK, a viewer for Bookreader documentsF which is usable from character-cell terminals (eg. VTxxx) is availableG from the WKU VMS Freeware file server - see question SOFT1 for details.   < ------------------------------------------------------------: DOC2.   What online information is available from Digital?  M On your OpenVMS system, the HELP command can provide a wealth of information, J not only on DCL commands but on system services (HELP System_Services) andJ Run-Time Library routines (HELP RTL_Routines).  The introduction displayedK when you type the HELP command with no additional keywords provides further 	 pointers.   F In SYS$COMMON:[SYSHLP.VMSDOC] (OpenVMS V6.0 or later) you'll find the  following three files:  6 	VMSDOC_GLOSSARY.TXT - Glossary of OpenVMS terminology8 	VMSDOC_OVERVIEW.TXT - Overview of OpenVMS documentation@ 	VMSDOC_MASTER_INDEX.TXT - Master index of OpenVMS documentation  L These files are optionally installed; some system managers may have selectedF not to install them or to put them in another location.  If you cannot% locate them, ask your system manager.   H Product information for just about everything Digital sells is availableH from Digital's Internet servers.  If you're using a World-Wide-Web (WWW)H browser, use http://www.digital.com/info.html  For anonymous FTP access,F log in to ftp.digital.com.  Software Product Descriptions, performanceD data, product infosheets, release notes and much more are available.  B Digital's Multivendor Customer Services organization also hosts anH Internet server.  If you have a software support contract you can obtainF patches from here - even without a contract you can browse through the4 "readme" files for correction kits.  The WWW URL is "   http://www.service.digital.com/  For ftp access use      ftp://ftp.service.digital.com/  ; A WWW version of the DECdirect catalog is also available at 5   http://www.service.digital.com/ddi/html/ddhome.html   H Digital's Electronic Connection, also called "E-store", provides productE information, prices and even lets you order online.  For free access, G TELNET to order.sales.digital.com or connect via modem at 800-234-1998. F If you're on TYMNET, connect to ECONN.  If you need to get pricing forJ Digital software licenses for your configuration, this is the place to get them.   B Information on Digital and on Digital hardware, software, products< and services is available through various telephone numbers:  B     1-800-DIGITAL	: voice : DECdirect products, books and servicesB     1-800-PCBYDEC       : voice : Digital PC hardware and software9     1-800-DECINFO	: voice : General Corporate Information 9     1-603-884-0924	: voice : (alternate number for above) >     1-800-234-1998	: modem : The Digital Electronic Connection0     1-800-DEC-2717	: voice : The DECchip Hotline9     1-508-568-6868	: voice : (alternate number for above)   < ------------------------------------------------------------2 DOC3.   What books and publications are available?  < DEC Professional is alive and well. It's a monthly magazine H that help you manage your Digital systems in a multivendor environment. 2 Subscriptions are free to qualified Digital sites.  C Digital Systems Journal is a bimonthly magazine that contains more  ? in-depth, hands-on, how-to information. Subscriptions are paid.   H If you're interested in acquiring a subscription to DEC Professional or 6 Digital Systems Journal, contact Omeda Communications:   800-306-6332 708-564-1385  % They'll send you everything you need. " 					[morrison@elvis.cardinal.com]  < ------------------------------------------------------------# MGMT1.  What is an installed image?   N The term "install" has two distinct meanings in OpenVMS.  The first relates toN "installing a product", which is done with either the SYS$UPDATE:VMSINSTAL.COMI command procedure or the POLYCENTER Software Installation (PCSI) utility  H (PRODUCT command).  The second meaning relates to the use of the INSTALL( utility, which is what concerns us here.  H The INSTALL utility is used to identify to OpenVMS a specific copy of anG image, either executable or shareable, which is to be given some set of K enhanced properties.  For example, when you issue the SET PASSWORD command, I the image SYS$SYSTEM:SETP0.EXE is run.  That image needs to have elevated # privileges to perform its function.   J The other important attribute is /SHARED.  This means that shareable partsG of the image (typically read-only code and data) are loaded into memory H only once and are shared among all users on a system.  Executable imagesH can be installed /SHARED as well as shareable library images.  (The termE "shareable" has dual meanings here, too.  See the OpenVMS Programming % Concepts Manual for further details.)   M It's important to note that there is no such thing as "installing a shareable H image with privileges".  The INSTALL utility will let you do it, but theL privileges you specify will be ignored.  To have a callable routine run withL enhanced privileges that are not available to its caller, you must constructI your routines as "user-written system services" and install the shareable H image with the /PROTECT qualifier.  See the OpenVMS Programming ConceptsG Manual for more information on user-written system services.  Note also K that in many cases the need to grant privileges to an image can be replaced G with the use of the "Protected Subsystems" feature that grants a rights E identifier to an image.  See the OpenVMS Guide to System Security for $ information on Protected Subsystems.  < ------------------------------------------------------------0 MGMT2.  Are there any known viruses for OpenVMS?  N Viruses are very common on PCs because the PC operating systems such as MS-DOSM and MacOS do not implement any sort of scheme to protect the operating system J or the file system against hostile action by programs.  On these operatingK systems, any running program can subvert the operating system and take over K the hardware, at which point it can do anything it wishes, including hiding 9 copies of itself in other programs or in the file system.   H This is not possible on VMS, Unix, MVS, and Windows NT, for two reasons.G First, the operating system runs in a privileged mode in memory that is H protected against modification by normal user programs.  Any old programK cannot take over the hardware as it can on PC operating systems.  Secondly, C VMS, Unix, MVS, and NT have file systems that can be set up so that N non-privileged programs cannot modify system programs and files on disk.  BothM of these protection schemes mean that traditional PC virus schemes don't work  on these OSes.  J It is possible for VMS, etc., to be infected by viruses, but to do so, theE program containing the virus must be run from a user account that has J amplified privileges.  As long as the system administrator is careful thatK only trusted applications are run from such accounts (and this is generally + the case), there is no danger from viruses. # 					[winalski@gemgrp.enet.dec.com]   G To protect against viruses and other attempts at system interference or O misuse, follow the recommendations in the "OpenVMS Guide to System  Security".  J You may also want to consider optional software products which can monitorE your system for intrusion or infection attempts.  Digital offers the    following products in this area:     DECinspect Intrusion Detector (   POLYCENTER Security Reporting Facility(   POLYCENTER Security Compliance Manager  % [Contributions to this list welcomed]   < ------------------------------------------------------------1 MGMT3.  How do I mount an ISO-9660 CD on OpenVMS?   5 ISO-9660 support was added in the following releases:        OpenVMS VAX V6.0     OpenVMS AXP V1.5:     OpenVMS VAX V5.5, use F11CD kit from InfoServer CD, orG                       Consolidated Distribution CD under InfoServer, or 2 		      Digital Customer Support - CSCPAT #1071012   Here's how to do it:  =     $ MOUNT/MEDIA_FORMAT=CDROM  device-name[:] [volume-label]   H Please refer to the OpenVMS MOUNT Utility Manual, especially the section. regarding the MOUNT qualifier /UNDEFINED_FAT.    From the OpenVMS release notes:   K   Because ISO-9660 media can be mastered from platforms that do not support L   semantics of files containing predefined record formats, you may encounterM   ISO-9660 CD-ROMs with files that contain records for which no record format    was specified.  + An example which works for most CD-ROMs is:   G     $ MOUNT/MEDIA_FORMAT=CDROM/UNDEFINED_FAT=STREAM:2048 DUA0: FREEWARE   M This /UNDEFINED_FAT qualifier states, "For any file whose file attributes are M 'undefined', return file attributes of 'stream', maximum record length 2048".  					[dunham@star.enet.dec.com]   < ------------------------------------------------------------$ MAIL1.  How do I send Internet mail?  I There is no one answer to this question.  Internet mail is built upon the G TCP/IP protocols, which are not directly supported by VMS.  A number of L implementations of TCP/IP for VMS are available, from Digital, from a numberJ of other vendors, and even in a free "support it yourself" form.  The MAILM program that comes with VMS does not directly support the mail format used on M the Internet, but various programs have been written that use MAIL's "foreign K protocol" facility to provide such support.  To send mail through a foreign L protocol by using an address syntax like IN%"fred@fred-host.flint.com".  YouM *must* include the quotation marks  Between them is the address in the format N used by mail programs that support the Internet directly.  The IN% - short forM INternet - names the foreign protocol.  On some systems, you use MX% or SMTP% M instead. (MX is a widely used, free, mail handler; see question  SOFT1. SMTP% J is used by Digital's UCX TCP/IP product)  Other systems may use some otherN name.  If none of these prefixes work, ask your system manager for assistance. 					[leichter@lrw.com]   < ------------------------------------------------------------J MAIL2.  How do I get IN% or MX% added automatically to Internet addresses?  J Get the MAILSHR_PATCH package (there's one each for VAX and AXP) from the ) WKU FILESERV server (see question SOFT1.)   < ------------------------------------------------------------K MAIL3.  How do I automatically append a signature file to my mail messages?   K The basic MAIL utility which is shipped with VMS does not have an intrinsic G mechanism for adding signature files.  If you're using an enhanced mail G handling package (e.g PMDF), however, it may have provisions for adding H signature files to all messages it handles - check the documentation forF details.  In addition, it's common practice to use an editor to handleK addition of `quotation marks' (e.g. >) and signature files to mail messages K and news postings.  There are several implementations of this for different H editors available on the net; for one example, see the MAIL_EDIT package
 available at  +   ftp://narnia.memst.edu/mail_edit_v1-4.zip   					[bailey@genetics.upenn.edu]  F Define the logical MAIL$EDIT to a COM-file, which looks something like the following:   $ IF P1 .NES. "" $ THEN# $    COPY 'P1',<signaturefile> 'P2'  $ ELSE $    COPY <signaturefile> 'P2' $ ENDIF $ $ DEFINE/NOLOG SYS$INPUT SYS$COMMAND $ <editorname> 'P2'  $ EXIT  L Where <signaturefile> is the name of the signature-file (including directoryM and disk) and <editorname> is EDIT/EDT or EDIT/TPU (or your favorite editor).  					[ARNE@ko.hhs.dk]   < ------------------------------------------------------------A MAIL4.  Do I have to use VMS MAIL?  I like my Unix mailer better.   M Several Unix mailers have been ported to VMS, some by the vendors of specific L TCP/IP packages, some by users who have made them freely available.  See theF documentation for your TCP/IP package, and refer to question SOFT1 for5 information about the availability of the free ports.  					[leichter@lrw.com]   < ------------------------------------------------------------L MAIL5.  How can I forward my mail?  Can I forward it to an Internet address?  M You can use the SET FORWARD command within MAIL to specify where you want all M your mail forwarded to.  Use SHOW FORWARD to see your current forwarding.  To * cancel all forwarding, type SET NOFORWARD.  L You can forward your mail to an Internet address, but you have to be carefulL because of the way MAIL handles special characters, such as quotation marks.M First, determine the address you would use to send mail to the place you want I to forward to - say, IN%"fred@fred-host.flint.com".  Take that string and L *double all the quotation marks*, producing IN%""fred@fred-host.flint.com"".L Finally, wrap quotation marks around the outside and use the the result with SET FORWARD:  3 	MAIL>SET FORWARD "IN%""fred@fred-host.flint.com"""   + If you do SHOW FORWARD, you should now see:   ? 	Your mail is being forwarded to IN%"fred@fred-host.flint.com".  					[leichter@lrw.com]   < ------------------------------------------------------------9 MAIL6.  How can I forward my mail to a list of addresses?   H VMS MAIL does not support forwarding a message to more than one address.L (Older versions of MAIL allowed you to specify such forwarding, but it never worked correctly.)  M Many of the TCP/IP mail packages support forwarding to mailing lists, as does J the free MX mail handling system and the DELIVER mail "extender".  See the8 documentation of your TCP/IP package and question SOFT1. 					[leichter@lrw.com]   < ------------------------------------------------------------J MAIL7.  MAIL keeps saying I have new messages, but I don't.  What do I do?  G The count of new mail messages is kept separately from your mail folder I in SYS$SYSTEM:VMSMAIL_PROFILE.DATA.  It sometimes happens that this count G differs from what's in your mail folder.  If this happens, go into MAIL I and repeat the READ/NEW command until you see no new mail messages.  Then G enter the command one more time.  This will resynchronize the counters.   < ------------------------------------------------------------4 UTIL1.  How do I play an audio CD on my workstation?  8 If you've installed the DECwindows examples, you'll findD DECW$CDPLAYER.C, .DAT, .EXE, .UIL, and .UID.  Copy the .UID and .DATL files to DECW$USER_DEFAULTS: (typically SYS$LOGIN:), define the logical nameH DECW$CD_PLAYER to be the device name of your CD-ROM drive (eg. DKA400:),H give yourself PHY_IO and DIAGNOSE privileges, and run the .EXE.  You canA also install the image with these privileges.  See the source for B additional details - note that the comments regarding the need forD SYSGEN CONNECT are no longer applicable (at least as of VMS V5.5-2).  F There's also SYS$EXAMPLES:CDROM_AUDIO.C and .EXE, a non-Motif program.< ------------------------------------------------------------. DCL1.   How do I run a program with arguments?  K The RUN command does not accept arguments.  To pass arguments to a program, > you must use what is called a "foreign command".  For example:  ' 	$ uudecode :== $disk:[dir]uudecode.exe  	$ uudecode filespec  J The leading $ in the symbol definition is what makes it a foreign command.I If the device and directory is omitted, SYS$SYSTEM: is assumed.  For more ? information on foreign commands, see the OpenVMS User's Manual.    See also question PROG2.  < ------------------------------------------------------------/ DCL2.   How can I redefine control keys in DCL?   C The DCL DEFINE/KEY command allows you to define function and keypad F keys, but not control keys.  Also, keys you define with DEFINE/KEY areD not recognized inside applications.  Many applications which use the: SMG$ routines for input have a similar DEFINE/KEY feature.  G The terminal driver line-editing control keys, including the use of DEL  for delete, are not modifiable.   < ------------------------------------------------------------* DCL3.   How can I clear the screen in DCL?  ! The simplest way is TYPE/PAGE NL:   < ------------------------------------------------------------" FILE1.  How can I undelete a file?  G OpenVMS doesn't have an "undelete" function.  However, if you are quick H to write-protect the disk (or if you can guarantee that no new files getC created or existing files extended), your data is still on the disk G and it may be possible to retrieve it.  The FLORIAN tool available from E the WKU Fileserver claims to be able to do this (see question SOFT1.)   < ------------------------------------------------------------B FILE2.  Why does SHOW QUOTA give a different answer than DIR/SIZE?  E DIR/SIZE doesn't take into account the size of file headers which are J charged to your quota.  Also, unless you use DIR/SIZE:ALL, you'll see onlyF the "used" size of the file, not the allocated size which is what getsK charged against your quota.  Also, you may have files in other directories.   					[lionel@quark.enet.dec.com]  ! $ DIR/SIZ=ALL/GRAND [username...]   6 Grand total of D1 directories, F1 files, B1/B2 blocks.  # $ DIR/SIZ=ALL/GRAND [-]username.DIR   1 Grand total of 1 directory, 1 file, B3/B4 blocks.    $ SHOW QUOTA3   User [username] has B5 blocks used, B6 available, ?   of B7 authorized and permitted overdraft of B8 blocks on disk   F If the user has no files in other directories and all file-headers are. only 1 block, then the following should apply:     B5=B2+B4+F1+1   M If the diskquota is out of synch, then the system-manager can make a rebuild.  					[ARNE@ko.hhs.dk] < ------------------------------------------------------------B FILE3.  How do I make sure that my data is safely written to disk?  E If your application must absolutely guarantee that data is available, K no matter what, there's really no substitute for RMS Journalling.  However, J you can achieve a good degree of data integrity by issuing a SYS$FLUSH RMSD call at appropriate times (if you're using RMS, that is.)  If you'reM using a high-level language's I/O system, check that language's documentation F to see if you can access the RMS control blocks for the open file.  InC C you can use fflush followed by fsync.  Note that fsync, which was K undocumented for VAX C but is documented for DEC C, takes a file descriptor  as an argument, not a *FILE.  < ------------------------------------------------------------: PROG1.  How do I call <routine_name> from <language_name>?  F Most OpenVMS system services and RTL routines pass string arguments byD descriptor.  Languages which support native string data types createK descriptors automatically; those which do not (eg., C) require that you set  them up explicitly.  					[eric@tardis.HQ.ileaf.com]   F There is a lot of information available on how to call system servicesH and Run-Time Library routines, including examples in numerous languages. The best references are:   	Your language's User Manual' 	OpenVMS Programming Environment Manual $ 	OpenVMS Programming Concepts Manual9 	OpenVMS Programming Interfaces: Calling a System Routine  	OpenVMS Calling Standard   H In addition, if you are a subscriber to the Digital Software InformationG Network (available to those with a software support contract), the DSIN H database contains hundreds of worked examples of calling system servicesJ and RTL routines, including the one that seems to trip up almost everyone, SMG$CREATE_MENU.  					[lionel@quark.enet.dec.com]  < ------------------------------------------------------------9 PROG2.  How do I get the arguments from the command line?   G If you're writing a program and want to accept arguments from a foreign F command, you can use LIB$GET_FOREIGN to get the command line and parseD it yourself, or if you're programming in C, use the normal argc/argv method.   J To write an application which uses the normal DCL verb/qualifier/parameterF syntax for invocation, see the description of the CLI$ routines in the3 OpenVMS Callable Utility Routines Reference Manual.   I It is possible to write an application which can be used both ways; if a  L DCL verb isn't used to invoke the image, the application parses the command H line itself.  One way to do this is to call CLI$GET_VALUE for a required= parameter.  If it is not present (or you get an error), call  @ LIB$GET_FOREIGN to get the command line and do the manual parse.   See also question DCL1.   < ------------------------------------------------------------= PROG3.  How do I get a formatted error message in a variable?   D Use the SYS$PUTMSG system service with an action routine that storesG the message line(s) in the variable of your choice.  Be sure the action K routine returns a "false" (low bit clear) function value so that SYS$PUTMSG I doesn't then try to display the message (unless you want it to.)  See the E description of $PUTMSG in the System Services Reference Manual for an # example of using an action routine.   < ------------------------------------------------------------B PROG4.  How do I link against SYS$SYSTEM:SYS.STB on an AXP system?  E LINK/SYSEXE is the OpenVMS AXP equivalent of linking against SYS.STB.   < ------------------------------------------------------------8 PROG5.  How do I do a SET DEFAULT from inside a program?  H The problem is that SYS$SETDDIR only changes the default directory - NOTI the default disk. The default disk is determined by the logical SYS$DISK. B If you want to change the default disk within a program, then callJ LIB$SET_LOGICAL to change the logical SYS$DISK. You will need to call bothK LIB$SET_LOGICAL and SYS$SETDDIR to change both default disk and the default 
 directory! 					[ARNE@ko.hhs.dk]	  < ------------------------------------------------------------K PROG6.  How do I create a shareable image transfer vector on an AXP system?   I This is something that was greatly simplified for OpenVMS AXP.  You don't L need to create a separate transfer vector module; just use the SYMBOL_VECTORI statement in a linker options file.  For example, if your shareable image J has two routines named FOO and BAR, the linker options file should contain the following line:   - 	SYMBOL_VECTOR=(FOO=PROCEDURE, BAR=PROCEDURE)   + The Linker manual has more details on this.   < ------------------------------------------------------------F PROG7.  How do I turn my Fortran COMMON into a shareable image on AXP?  M You need to add SYMBOL_VECTOR=(<common-name>=PSECT) to your options file.  On G OpenVMS VAX all OVR/REL/GBL psects were automatically exported into the K shareable image's Global Symbol Table.  On OpenVMS AXP you have to tell the C linker that you want this done by means of the PSECT keyword in the % SYMBOL_VECTOR options file statement.   N This has several advantages over OpenVMS VAX.  First, you don't have to worry F about the address of the psect when you try to create a new, upwardly H compatible version of the shareable image. Second, you can control which= psects, if any, are made visible outside the shareable image.   I By default, COMMON PSECTs in DEC Fortran for OpenVMS AXP (as well as most J other OpenVMS AXP compilers) are NOSHR.  On VAX, the default was SHR whichG required you to change the attribute to NOSHR if you wanted your COMMON G to be in a shareable image but not write-shared by all processes on the , system.  If you do want write-sharing, use:  	CDEC$ PSECT common-name=SHRM in the Fortran source code (the CDEC$ must be begin in column 1) or a linker  K options file PSECT_ATTR statement to set the COMMON PSECT attribute to SHR.   / For further information, see the Linker manual.   < ------------------------------------------------------------< PROG8.  How do I convert between IEEE and VAX floating data?  G In OpenVMS V6.1 there is a routine CVT$CONVERT_FLOAT, documented in the E LIB$ Run-Time Library Reference Manual, which can perform conversions C between any two of the following floating datatypes: VAX (F,D,G,H), K little-endian IEEE (single, double, quad), big-endian IEEE (single, double,  quad), CRAY and IBM System\370.   F DEC Fortran (all platforms) has a feature which will perform automaticK conversion of unformatted data during input or output.  See the DEC Fortran A documentation for information on "non-native data in I/O" and the   CONVERT= OPEN statement keyword.  < ------------------------------------------------------------= PROG9.  How do I get the argument count in a Fortran routine?   E On VAX, many programmers would use a MACRO routine which accessed the E AP register of the caller to get the address of the argument list and F hence the argument count.  This was not guaranteed to work on VAX, butF usually did.  However, it doesn't work at all on OpenVMS AXP, as thereH is no AP register.  On Alpha systems, you must use a language's built-inD function to retrieve the argument count, if any.  In Fortran this isA IARGCOUNT, which is also available in DEC Fortran on OpenVMS VAX.   G Note that omitting arguments to Fortran routines is non-standard and is G unsupported.  It will work in many cases - read the DEC Fortran release ! notes for additional information.   < ------------------------------------------------------------F DECW1.  How do I let someone else display something on my workstation?  M On a workstation, you go into "Customize" menu of the session manager utility @ and select "Security".  When the pop-up box appears, you can putK node/user/tranport to allow who can launch an application to the display on  that workstation. " 					[raspuzzi@mrlat.enet.dec.com]  M > Yah, but this doesn't seem to work with non-VMS systems.  What do I put in  I > for the transport?  I tried "TCPIP" just for kicks, but it didn't work.   &         You need a checklist of sorts:  D       1) Make sure  that  you've  specified  the X-windows "display"D          correctly  on  the remote side.  For DECNET it's  somethingD          like NODE::0.0, for TCP/IP it's Node.Domain:0.0, etc.  On aA          unix system, define the DISPLAY environment variable so:   & 	    # setenv DISPLAY myvax.domain:0.0  D       2) If you've verified 1) and things still aren't working, makeD          sure the Security settings on  the  VMS side will allow theD          connection:  Pull  down the "Options" menu in  the  SessionD          Manager, select "Security..."  near  the  bottom.   If  youD          don't  find  your  host  (and  username) listed on the leftD          under "Authorized Users", go to the  right side of the menuD          and   fill   in  the  three  fields,  "Node",   "Username",D          "Transport".  Then click on the Add botton, then the  ApplyD          and  OK  buttons  to  add  the  new  host  to  the security          database.  @           a) There are  various  transports: LOCAL, DECNET, LAT,@              TCPIP,  etc.   Select  the one appropriate  to  the<              client machine's connection to the VMS machine.  9 	  b) If the connection is DECNET, do *NOT* add :: to the               node name!   @           c) If the connection is TCPIP, "Username" _must_ be an@              asterisk (*) because the  TCP/IP protocol used does-              not provide the remote username.   @           d) If the connection is TCPIP, it's best to use a full@              domain name, e.g.,  Node.Subd.Domain.  However, you@              _may_  have  to use the IP address  itself,  rather@              than  the  domain  name  (EWS  requires  this).   I@              generally  add two entries for each TPCIP host, the@              first using the  domain  name,  the  second  the IP              address.   @           e) There are a  various  3rd  party vendors who supply@              TCP/IP  packages for VMS, including but not limited@              to  TGV  (Multinet)  and  Wollongong  (Pathway  ?).@              Multinet  (and  DEC's  own  UCX) call the transport@              "TCPIP", Wollongong, at least in some incarnations,<              uses "WINTCP".  You need to use the appropriate@              vendor's package transport name  in the "Transport"              field.   D       3) If things _still_  aren't  working, make sure the transportD          you  want  has  been activated for DECwindows.  This  is  aD          system manager job, but you can do the ground work yourself8          before bothering the sysmgr.  Do the following:  4 	    $ DIR SYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM  &          If that file exists, then do:  9 	    $ SEARCH SYS$MANAGER:DECW$PRIVATE_SERVER_SETUP.COM - (             $_    DECW$SERVER_TRANSPORTS  '          You sould find something like:   9 	    $ decw$server_transports == "DECNET,LOCAL,LAT,TCPIP"   D          If the transport you want,  e.g., TCPIP, isn't listed, haveD          your  system  manager  make  the  appropriate  changes  andD          restart DECwindows.  If the file doesn't exist, the  sysmgrD          will  have  to  create  it  by  copying  the  correspondingD          .TEMPLATE file  to  .COM  and  uncommenting  the  line that(          defines decw$server_transports.  @           a) If you're wanting  to  use  TCP/IP to connect, make@              sure  TCP/IP is available on the VMS host.   TCP/IP@              is _not_ native to VMS.  You  need  to  be  running@              either Digital's UCX or a 3rd party vendor's TCP/IP@              product.   If  you're  not,  none of the above will              help.% 				    [Fairfield@Slac.Stanford.Edu]   K There is a log file created in SYS$MANAGER which tells you which transports L are loaded, and also tell you what connect attempts were rejected, including: showing what the presented credentials were.  This file isN SYS$MANAGER:DECW$SERVER_0_ERROR.LOG, although the 0 could be another number ifK you have multiple servers on the workstation.  I have found this file to be I very useful for tracking down what needs to be put in the Session Manager  Security entries.  				    [rabinowitz@bear.com]   < ------------------------------------------------------------9 DECW2.  How do I create a display on another workstation?   @ $ SET DISPLAY /CREATE /TRANSPORT=net_transport /NODE=remote_node  ) for LAT the command might look like this:   6 $ SET DISPLAY /CREATE /TRANSPORT=LAT /NODE=REMOTE_NODE   for DECnet:   2 $ SET DISPLAY /CREATE /TRANSPORT=DECNET /NODE=NODE  
 for TCP/IP  9 $ SET DISPLAY /CREATE /TRANSPORT=TCPIP /NODE=128.12.4.122   D Note that LAT is typically used for X terminals but can be used fromG OpenVMS to OpenVMS systems on OpenVMS AXP V6.1 (if you have setup the X K server to allow the LAT transport - check the docs).  LAT will be supported D on OpenVMS VAX as a transport for DECwindows in a future OpenVMS VAX release." 					[raspuzzi@mrlat.enet.dec.com]  < ------------------------------------------------------------F DECW3.  How can I get the information from SHOW DISPLAY into a symbol?  H Use the undocumented SHOW DISPLAY/SYMBOL, and then reference the symbolsC DECW$DISPLAY_NODE,  DECW$DISPLAY_SCREEN, DECW$DISPLAY_SERVER and/or  DECW$DISPLAY_TRANSPORT. " 					[Fairfield@Slac.Stanford.Edu]  < ------------------------------------------------------------0 DECW4.  How do I get a log of a DECterm session?  L If you are working from a Decterm, you can use the AutoPrint feature. ChooseD the "Printer..." menu item from the "Options" menu, set the printingH destination to the name of the file you want, and set "Auto Print Mode". You are now free to continue.   M It should be noted that ALL the characters and escape sequences are captured, O but if you display the log file on a DECterm you will get EXACTLY what you had.   					[fenster@star.enet.dec.com]  < ------------------------------------------------------------E DECW5.  Problem - the DELETE key deletes forward instead of backward!   N This has to do with Motif's virtual bindings.  When a Motif application startsD up, it looks at the vendor string returned in the display connectionL information and attempts to match the string to a table of virtual bindings.  N You can override the default bindings in your decw$xdefaults.dat file. Here is9 the entry you would make to get the default VMS bindings.       *defaultVirtualBindings:\   osfCancel	:		<Key>F11	\n\  osfLeft	:		<Key>Left	\n\   osfUp		:		<Key>Up		\n\   osfRight	:		<Key>Right	\n\   osfDown	:		<Key>Down	\n\    osfEndLine	:Alt		<Key>Right	\n\!  osfBeginLine	:Alt		<Key>Left	\n\   osfPageUp	:		<Key>Prior	\n\  osfPageDown	:		<Key>Next	\n\ "  osfDelete	:Shift		<Key>Delete	\n\  osfUndo	:Alt		<Key>Delete	\n\   osfBackSpace	:		<Key>Delete	\n\   osfAddMode	:Shift		<Key>F8		\n\  osfHelp	:		<Key>Help	\n\   osfMenu	:		<Key>F4		\n\  osfMenuBar	:		<Key>F10	\n\   osfSelect	:		<Key>Select	\n\ !  osfActivate	:		<Key>KP_Enter	\n\ !  osfCopy	:Shift		<Key>DRemove	\n\   osfCut		:		<Key>DRemove	\n\  osfPaste	:		<Key>Insert  	 To merge:     	$ xrdb :== $decw$utils:xrdb.exe( 	$ xrdb -nocpp -merge decw$xdefaults.dat# 					[kleinsorge@star.enet.dec.com]   < ------------------------------------------------------------7 DECW6.  Problem - On a DEC2000-300, Motif doesn't start   N Check for a GQ device by doing a SHOW DEVICE G at the DCL prompt.  If there is no GQA0 device:   L a) VMS failed to find the appropriate IRQ information for the Compaq QVisionK    and did not autoconfigure it.  Run the correct ECU (for OSF and VMS) and 
    reboot.  M b) You do not have a Compaq QVision video card.  This card should have Compaq M    printed on it, and identifies itself as a CPQ3011 or a CPQ3111.  If it is  N    not one of these 2 devices (as of 7/1/94 and version 6.1) then VMS does not    support it.   If there is a GQA0 device:  I a) There may have been a severe error in the DECwindows startup. Type the I    contents of SYS$MANAGER:DECW$SERVER_0_ERROR.LOG for any information on     errors starting the server.  L b) The sysgen parameter WINDOW_SYSTEM is not set to 1.  This is a common way5    used by system managers to disable server startup.   M c) You may not have a valid Motif license.    To check for the Motif license, I    type LICENSE LIST DW-MOTIF/FULL and examine the information displayed. 2    Make sure that it is present, valid and active.# 					[kleinsorge@star.enet.dec.com]   < ------------------------------------------------------------< DECW7.  Problem - My LK401 keyboard unexpectedly autorepeats  # There are several modes of failure:   K a) Pressing 2 and 3 keys at the same time causes one key to autorepeat when L    released.  Check the hardware revision level printed on the bottom of theM    keyboard.  If the revision level is C01, the keyboard firmware is broken.  L    Call field service to replace the keyboard with any revision level other     than C01.  J b) Pressing certain keys is always broken.  Typical sympypoms are: delete N    always causes a autorepeat, return needs to be pressed twice, etc.  This isI    frequently caused by having keys depressed while the keyboard is being L    initialized.  Pressing ^F2 several times or unplugging and replugging theL    keyboard frequently fix this problem.  There is a patch available to fix K    this problem [contact the CSC for information - a CSCPAT number will be  '    included here when available. - Ed.]   L c) A key that was working spontaneously stops working correctly. This may beN    either (a) or (b) or it may be bad firmware.  Ensure that you have the mostJ    recent firmware installed on your CPU.  An old version of the DEC 3000 4    firmware had a bug that could cause this symptom.# 					[kleinsorge@star.enet.dec.com]   < ------------------------------------------------------------I DECW8.  Problem - My LK411 sends the wrong keycodes or some keys are dead   N Check the firmware revision on the keyboard.  Hardware revision B01 introducedM an incompatability with the device driver which causes the keyboard to not be F recognized correctly.  There is a patch available to fix this problem:L [CSCPAT number TBS - Ed.].  The rev A01 keyboard, and the LK450 should work  without problems. # 					[kleinsorge@star.enet.dec.com]   < ------------------------------------------------------------3 DECW9.  How do I set the title on a DECterm window?   0 If you are creating a new DECterm window, check ) HELP CREATE /TERMINAL /WINDOW_ATTRIBUTES.   H If you want to change the title of an existing window, use the followingM control sequences, where <esc> is the ANSI escape code, value decimal 27, and # <text> is what you want to display:   4 To set the DECterm title, send <esc>]21;<text><esc>\4 To set the icon label, send    <esc>]2L;<text><esc>\  6 For example, DCL to display "My DECterm" in title bar:
 $ ESC[0,8]=27 / $ WRITE SYS$OUTPUT "``ESC`21;My DECterm``ESC`\"  					[p_lee@decus.ch]   F You can also change the title and the icon using the Options-Window... menu.   < ------------------------------------------------------------; SOFT1.  Where can I find lots of free software for OpenVMS?   I The best starting point for free software for OpenVMS is Hunter Goatley's @ WKU FILESERV server.  If you're using a WWW browser, the URL is:  3 	http://www.wku.edu/www_root/fileserv/fileserv.html   @ The FILESERV packages are also available via anonymous FTP from:  *       ftp.wku.edu, under [.VMS.FILESERV]. 8       ftp.spc.edu, under [.MACRO32.SAVESETS] and [.MX]. 9       ftp.vms.stacken.kth.se, under [.WKU.VMS.FILESERV].  <       ftp.shsu.edu, under pub/vms/mx and pub/vms/utilities. ,       nic.switch.ch, under /mirror/vms/spc. :       ftp.technion.ac.il, under /pub/unsupported/vms/spc.        ftp.riken.go.jp   F or via e-mail from FILESERV@WKUVX1.WKU.EDU. Send the commands HELP and>    DIR ALL in the body of a mail message for more information.  L If you get the packages via WWW or FTP, they're in ZIP format which requiresK the UNZIP (note: this is not Gnu gunzip!) tool to unpack.  You can get this  from:   - 	ftp://ftp.wku.edu/vms/unzip.exe        ! VAX - 	ftp://ftp.wku.edu/vms/unzip.alpha_exe  ! AXP   E or you can request the FILESERV_TOOLS package from the e-mail server.   G Mosaic 2.1 is available here, but there's also a VMS port of Mosaic 2.4 D available at file://ftp.service.digital.com/pub/vms/Mosaic which wasF built for use with DEC TCP/IP Services for OpenVMS (UCX) V3.0 or V3.1.J Some people have reported success using this with "UCX emulation" on other TCP/IP implementations.   H Another source of free software is the vmsnet.sources newsgroup (and theJ corresponding vmsnet.sources.d discussion group).  See the monthly postingG "vmsnet.sources archives" for a list of sites which archive submissions  to vmsnet.sources. 				[lionel@quark.enet.dec.com]   G A good source of software for DEC boxes (and anything else pretty much) C is the DECUS library. online catalogs are available as well as some 4 software via ftp.decus.org; there's a gopher server    gopher://gopher.decus.org/ an FTP server:   ftp://ftp.decus.org/ and a WWW server:    http://www.decus.org/   F Phone for orders is 508 841 3502. Lots of good stuff from lots of good2 folks, and copies on media (tapes, CDs) are cheap. 				[Everhart@Arisia.gce.com]   4 The sources for ZMODEM from the DECUS CD Rom are at:.   ftp://ftp.infonet.net/pub/systems/vms/zmodem 				[kevin@ins.infonet.net] C There's also ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/.2/simtel/misc/vaxvms/ZMODEM17.ZIP  				[csjwp@ttuhsc.edu]  L The links described below were current at one time; your guess is as good as! mine if they're still valid. ;-)    J    MPJZ's Hyper-Software-List for OpenVMS is Martin P.J. Zinser's list of     additional software.   -     http://axp616.gsi.de:8080/www/vms/sw.html   (    Chris Higgins's VMS Software List II 5     http://csvax1.ucc.ie/www/vms_sw_list/sw_list.html   G    DECUS SIG Tape collections are available on Mark Berryman's system,       ftp://mvb.saic.com    M    David Jones's DECthreads-based HTTP_SERVER World-Wide Web server for VMS.  ;     http://kcgl1.eng.ohio-state.edu/www/doc/serverinfo.html   $ 					    [goathunter@WKUVX1.WKU.EDU]  ? Lynx (a character-cell World-Wide-Web reader) is available from   ftp://ftp2.cc.ukans.edu/pub/lynx$ 					    [lionel@quark.enet.dec.com]  > An archive of DECwindows and Xwindows software can be found at ftp://axp.psl.ku.dk/decwindows 					    [Lejf@axp.psl.ku.dk]   9 ImageMagick is an X11 package for display and interactive 7 manipulation of images.  The package includes tools for 9 image conversion, annotation, compositing, animation, and : creating montages.  ImageMagick can read and write many of: the more popular image formats (e.g. JPEG, TIFF, PNM, XPM,L Photo CD, etc.). ftp://ftp.x.org/contrib/vms/ImageMagick/ImageMagick-3.3.zip 					    [cristy@dupont.com]  : BULLETIN, GHOSTSCRIPT, GHOSTVIEW and XV are available from ftp://pfc.mit.edu/   [End of FAQ]