Earthquakes and Tsunamis

Level: Intermediate --- Content: Science and Social Studies

[Close Window]

Ms. Patel, a middle grades science teacher, and Mr. Osaba, a middle grades social studies teacher, are working together to plan a lesson to help students understand the causes and effects of the 2004 tsunami in Indonesia, the 2008 earthquake in China, and the 2010 earthquake in Haiti. The unit question from the perspective of the science teacher is, “How do earthquakes tell us a story about what is happening inside the earth and on the surface?” The social studies teacher wants students to consider: “How do culture, politics, and geography affect people’s lives?”

The teachers stimulate students’ interest by showing them video from a film called “The Violent Earth,” containing striking images of the Indonesian Tsunami and other earthquakes, hurricanes, and volcanoes.

In science class, Ms. Patel brainstorms with students asking them what happens during earthquakes or the locations of earthquakes they have heard about. She uses Google Earth to find the places that students mention. She asks them if they see any patterns in the location of these earthquakes. Then she loads an overlay of Google Earth, mapping all the earthquakes that have happened since 1970. The images are striking showing a series of white dots in lines along the west coast of North and South America and through Africa, Asia, and oceans around the world. The students are quick to point out the lines but have few ideas about what they mean. After discussing volcanoes, Ms. Patel asks half of the students to use their laptops to locate as many volcanoes as possible and the other half to locate mountain ranges on every continent. As they find these features, students mark them on a map of the world using a collaborative mapping tool called Google My Maps. Each student can annotate the same map from their own computer marking each volcano with a pin and each mountain range with a line. They can add pictures or videos of volcanoes and mountains to annotate the map. When they are finished they compare their map of volcanoes and mountain ranges with that of the world’s earthquakes and notice the similarities in the locations. Ms. Patel uses this discovery as an opportunity to explain the theory of plate tectonics. She shows animations and videos explaining the different kinds of faults and the damage that they cause.

In social studies class, Mr. Osaba wants students to understand the effects that geography has on people’s lives. Groups of students choose Haiti, China, or Indonesia and use their laptops to do Internet research on the climate, the culture, and the economies of the regions affected by the earthquakes. As a comparison, one group also researches the effects of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. They document what happened to the region as a result of the earthquake and the efforts to help those affected. Each group prepares a presentation on their region using Prezi, a presentation tool. Their presentations include maps, photos, videos of the devastation, and statistics. The students compare each of the disasters in an effort to understand how they were different and how economic conditions and politics played a role in the effects of the disaster and recovery afterward.

As a summative assessment, students choose an area in China, Haiti, or Indonesia that was affected by an earthquake. Based on their understanding of the climate, culture, geography, economy, and politics of this reason and their knowledge of earthquakes, they will work together to plan a new dwelling for a family who lost their home. They will determine the materials and construction methods that should be used and the best location for the new home. They will develop an illustrated, high quality presentation using Prezi that describes the home and its location and provides sound logic for the choices that they have made.

The teachers have developed a rubric using the Intel Assessing Projects tool to assess students on their understanding of plate tectonics, the location and nature of the damage caused by the earthquakes, the geography of the region and the culture of the people living there. In order to get authentic feedback on their work, student presentations will be reviewed by the staff of NGOs working in the areas affected by these earthquakes or individuals who are natives of these countries. Students will be given a copy of the rubric prior to beginning work on the project so that they will understand how they will be assessed.

Resources used in this scenario:
The Violent Earth: http://www.snagfilms.com/films/title/violent_earth/
YouTube videos: Why is Haiti prone to earthquakes? Why didn’t the Haiti earthquake cause a Tsunami? Videos from the Indonesian Tsunami.
Middle grades resources on plate tectonics: http://msteacher.org/epubs/science/science1/science.aspx
How earthquakes work: http://science.howstuffworks.com/earthquake.htm
Animations for plate tectonics: HERE
Designing for disaster: HERE
Culture of Haiti: http://www.everyculture.com/Ge-It/Haiti.html
Background information Port au Prince, Haiti: http://geography.about.com/od/haitimaps/a/portauprince.htm
Culture of Indonesia: http://www.everyculture.com/Ge-It/Indonesia.html
Background information Banda Aceh, Indonesia: http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Aceh
Culture of Sichuan Province, China: http://www.unescap.org/esid/psis/population/database/chinadata/sichuan.htm

Tools used in this scenario:
Google My Maps: http://maps.google.com/
Prezi: http://prezi.com/
Google Earth: http://earth.google.com/
Assessing Projects tool: http://educate.intel.com/en/AssessingProjects
Earthquake monitoring tool for Google Earth: HERE