Primary Sources for African History

Level: Intermediate --- Content: Social Studies

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With the advent of Internet-based maps, many students in Ms. Duarte’s middle grade World History class had seldom seen paper maps, and none as ornate as those that Ms. Duarte had provided links to from the Afriterra website.

The class was studying African history and were investigating the essential question, “What can historical artifacts tell us about the thoughts and attitudes of the societies that created them?” Ms. Duarte had selected a set of maps representing points in time beginning with the early colonization of Africa and continuing to the present day. She selected maps that had, in addition to the geographic information typical in a map, ornate legends and illustrations. These not only added a decorative touch, but also provided insights into the thoughts and attitudes of the illustrators of the maps.

Ms. Duarte’s students were charged with reviewing the maps. and for each map they were asked to respond to a series of questions that were organized in a class wiki site. The questions included:

What are the roles and ethnic backgrounds of any characters that appear on the map?  How do you know this is so?

What is the relationship of that role or character to the African nations that comprise the content of the map?

Based on what you have learned about African history, how would you, as a historian, interpret the messages locked in the visual images on each map?

Using the maps in sequence, write a brief history of this region of Africa. Focus on the societies from which the map authors came. Support your analysis with references to the images and content on the selected maps.

Each of the maps was posted on VoiceThread.com and the students contributed their analyses as comments on that map. In addition, they individually constructed a timeline on Timerime Education that placed miniatures of the maps in time and described the period in African history during which the map was generated on that timeline.

Ms. Duarte created a two-part rubric to assess each student’s work using the Intel Assessing Projects tool. The first part of the rubric provided an analysis of the accuracy of their content knowledge and the quality of their insights into each of the societies from which the maps had been drawn. The second rubric analyzed the technical quality and creativity of the timeline that they created.

Resources used in this scenario:
Primary Source Library: http://www.afriterra.org

Tools used in this scenario:
Problem Solving and Data Analysis Tool: Timerime Education: http://education.timerime.com/
Daily and Professional Practice: Wiki http://www.mediawiki.org
Technology for Assessment: intel Assessing Projects tool: http://educate.intel.com/en/AssessingProjects