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MAMMALS: A MULTIMEDIA ENCYCLOPEDIA was produced through the worldwide resources
of the National Geographic Society, in collaboration with International 
            Business Machines and ASYS Computer Systems.

                     NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY
            Gilbert M. Grosvenor, President and Chairman; 
  Robert L. Breeden, Vice President, Publications and Educational Media.
MAMMALS was prepared by The Educational Media Division, George A. Peterson, 
Assistant Vice President and Director; James B. Caffrey, Senior Associate 
              Director; David Beacom, Associate Director.
             
                      MAMMALS ENCYCLOPEDIA STAFF
                  Betty Kotcher, Executive Producer; 
                   Barbara Seeber, Managing Editor;
   Jimmie Abercrombie, Illustrations Director; Jeannie Allen, Picture Editor
           Patricia Y. Larkin and Sue Ruff, Researcher/Writers;
           Susan Arritt and Peter Winkler, Free-lance Writers;
  Joanne Di Giorgio, Print Designer; Jennie Proctor, Project Coordinator;
Rick Bounds, Production Manager; George J. Zeller, Jr., Manager, Manufacturing 
     and Quality Management; Lisa Ann Martin, Senior Production Assistant; 
             Jay Kaplan, Computers and Programming Manager;
      Andrew Graeub, Doug Hummer, Glenn B. Tucker, Technical Assistants;
      Paul Gorski, Recording Engineer; Aaron D. Falk, Sound Track Editor; 
          Larry Lewman, Narrator; Nicole Duplaix, Ph.D., Consultant;
Stokes Imaging Services, Photo Digitizing; Bob Bocking, BBC Natural History
Unit Sound Library, and New York Zoological Society, Animal Vocalization 
                               Recordings.

                                   IBM
James E. Dezell, Jr., Vice President and General Manager, Educational Systems; 
   Thomas W. Greaves, Project Leader; Brock Stanton, Product Administrator;
                   Hugh C. Jones, Technical Consultant; 
    C. Thomas Rutherfoord, Technical Coordinator Motion Video Technology;
    William B. Bond, Product Designer; Panas Payungpongse and Sean Dolan, 
  Production Assistants; Donn Ritchie and Katherine Johnstone, Instructional 
              Designers; John P. Brewer, Video Digitizing. 

                             ASYS Computer Systems
          Robert Urso and George Gerhold, Design & Implementation;
                Tracey Finch, Ellen M. Jones, Production;
  Katherine Wolfe, Brian Johnson, William Chapman, Thomas Flood, Lorie Clay, 
Thomas Wallace, John Weinbrenner, Larry Kaiser, Geok Chen, Assistant Designers.

Text based on National Geographic's BOOK OF MAMMALS, prepared by The Special 
Publications Division, Donald J. Crump, Editor; Philip B. Silcott, Associate 
Editor; William L. Allen, William R. Gray, Senior Editors; Joan Tapper, 
Managing Editor; Karen Altpeter Zogg, Picture Editor; Suez B. Kehl, Art 
Director; Cinda Rose, Assistant Art Director; Michael Barrier, Jane R. 
McGoldrick, Editor/Writers; Suzanne de Lesseps, Joyce Diamanti, Elizabeth W. 
Fisher, Jacqueline Geschickter, Karen M. Kostyal, Mary Ann Larkin, Carolyn 
McKee, Grace E. Moremen, Lisa Olson, Catherine O'Neill, Laurel H. Rabin, Donna 
Turner, Suzanne Venino, Peggy D. Winston, Writers; Karen M. Kostyal, Senior 
Researcher and Assistant to the Editor; Debra A. Antonini, Sarah Clark, Margo 
Crabtree, Elizabeth W. Fisher, Palmer Graham, Catherine Herbert-Howell, 
Carolinda Hill, Stephen Hubbard, Jean Kaplan-Teichroew, Lucie Langford, 
Patricia Y. Larkin, Carolyn McKee, Peggy D. Winston, Researchers; Jody Bolt, 
Consulting Art Director; Turner Houston, Marianne R. Koszorus, Designers; Holly
Bowen, Richard Fletcher, Cynthia B. Scudder, Design Assistants; Ned Smith, 
Black-and-White Illustrations; Darrell K. Sweet, Paintings; John D. Garst, Jr.,
Peter J. Balch, Lisa Biganzoli, Patricia K. Cantlay, Margaret Deane-Gray, Gary 
M. Johnson, Susan M. Johnston, Alfred L. Zebarth, Map Research, Design, and 
Production; Glenn O. Blough, Professor Emeritus of Science Education, University
of Maryland; Judith Hobart, Librarian, Beauvoir, The National Cathedral 
Elementary School; Henry W. Setzer, Curator of Mammals, Emeritus, Smithsonian 
                         Institution, Consultants.


COVER BOOKLET and TITLE SCREEN: Thomas Nebbia. 

GAME TITLE SCREEN: Koko (the gorilla).

AARDVARK: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Patti Murray.

AARDWOLF: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Michael Dick.

AGOUTI: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Henry Ausloos; (2) Walter Meayers Edwards;  
(3) Robert W. Madden, National Geographic Staff (NGS).

ANTEATER: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Partridge Films; (2) Ned Smith; (3) Nicole 
Duplaix.

DWARF ANTELOPE: (1) James L. Stanfield, National Geographic Staff Photographer 
(NGP); (2-3) George F. Mobley, NGP.

GRAZING ANTELOPE: (1, 4, 8, 11-15, 17-18) George F. Mobley, NGP; (2, 9) Volkmar
Wentzel; (3, 16) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK PHOTO; (5) Frank and Helen 
Schreider; (6) (c)Belinda Wright/DRK PHOTO; (7) Joseph H. Bailey, NGP; (10) 
James P. Blair, NGP; (19) Nicole Duplaix; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

SPIRAL-HORNED ANTELOPE: (1, 4) George F. Mobley, NGP; (2-3, 5) Volkmar Wentzel;
(6) Nicole Duplaix.

ARMADILLO: (1-8) Bianca Lavies; (9) George F. Mobley, NGP.

ASS: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Anup Shah; (2) Wilbur E. Garrett, NGS; (3) Walter  
Meayers Edwards; (4) James L. Stanfield, NGP.

AYE-AYE: (1) Daniel Cande/National Audubon Society Collection/PR; (2) Liz and 
Tony Bomford/SURVIVAL ANGLIA, LTD.

BADGER: (1) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK PHOTO; (2) Clem Haagner/ARDEA, LONDON.

BANDICOOT: (1) (c)Stanley Breeden/DRK PHOTO.

BAT: (1, 5-6, 12-13) Bruce Dale, NGP; (2) Otis Imboden; (3) Paul A. Zahl;
(4) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Ted Levin; (7-10) Bates Littlehales; (11) Walter 
Meayers Edwards; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

BEAR: (1) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK PHOTO; (2-5) George F. Mobley, NGP; (6) 
Nicole Duplaix; (7) James P. Blair, NGP; (8) Joseph H. Bailey, NGP; (9) David 
Alan Harvey; (10) Bruce Dale, NGP; (11) (c)Wayne Lankinen/DRK PHOTO; (12) Otis 
Imboden.

BEAVER: (1) Wilbur E. Garrett, NGS; (2) (c)Wayne Lankinen/DRK PHOTO; (3) Nicole 
Duplaix; (4) Ned Smith; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

BINTURONG: (1) Tom McHugh/Wildlife Unlimited/PR; (2) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Mickey 
Gibson.

BISON: (1-2, 8, 12) Bates Littlehales; (3) George F. Mobley, NGP; (4) James L. 
Stanfield, NGP; (5-7) James L. Amos, NGP; (9, 13-14) William A. Allard; (10-11)
James P. Blair, NGP.

BRUSHTAIL POSSUM: (1) Tom McHugh/National Audubon Society Collection/PR.

BUFFALO: (1, 4-6) George F. Mobley, NGP; (2-3) Frank and Helen Schreider; (7) 
Joseph J. Scherschel; (8) Wilbur E. Garrett, NGS; Video (c)National Geographic 
Society. 

BUSH BABY: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Stouffer Enterprises.

CAMEL: (1, 7, 9) James L. Stanfield, NGP; (2-3, 8) George F. Mobley, NGP; (4) 
Jodi Cobb, NGP; (5) Steven L. Raymer, NGS; (6) David Alan Harvey; Video 
(c)National Geographic Society. 

CAPE HUNTING DOG: (1-2) George F. Mobley, NGP; (3) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK 
PHOTO; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

CAPYBARA: (1, 4) Robert W. Madden, NGS; (2) Frank and Helen Schreider; (3) 
ANIMALS ANIMALS/Miriam Austerman.

CARIBOU: (1) (c)Joseph R. Pearce/DRK PHOTO; (2) Todd Buchanan; (3) Bruce Dale, 
NGP; (4) Steven L. Raymer, NGS.

SMALL CAT: (1) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK PHOTO; (2) James L. Amos, NGP; (3-6) 
(c)Stanley Breeden/DRK PHOTO; (7) (c)Tom Bledsoe/DRK PHOTO; (8) Bates 
Littlehales; (9-10) James L. Stanfield, NGP; (11) William T. Douthitt, NGS.

CATTLE: (1,4) James L. Stanfield, NGP; (2, 9) Bates Littlehales; (3, 8) George 
F. Mobley, NGP; (5) Dick Durrance II; (6) Gordon Gahan; (7) O. Louis 
Mazzatenta, NGS; (10) Albert Moldvay; (11-12) Nicole Duplaix.

CHEETAH: (1) (c)M. P. Kahl/DRK PHOTO; (2, 10-13) Volkmar Wentzel; (3-9) George 
F. Mobley, NGP; (14) Nicole Duplaix; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

CHEVROTAIN: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Adrienne T. Gibson; (2) Stanley Breeden.

CHIMPANZEE: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Zig Leszczynski; (2) John  Agnone, NGS; Video 
(c)National Geographic Society. 

CHINCHILLA: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Michael Dick.

CHIPMUNK: (1, 4) Bates Littlehales; (2) Walter Meayers Edwards; 
(3) Dean Conger; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

CIVET: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Oxford Scientific Films/Michael Fogden; (2) ANIMALS 
ANIMALS/Arthur Gloor; (3) Tom McHugh/National Audubon Society Collection/PR; 
(4) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Michael Dick.

COATI: (1) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK PHOTO; (2) Walter Meayers Edwards; 
(3) Otis Imboden; (4) Bates Littlehales.

COLUGO: (1) Ivan Polunin/NHPA; (2) Peter Ward/BRUCE COLEMAN LTD.

COYOTE: (1-2, 5) Walter Meayers Edwards; (3) ANIMALS ANIMALS/C. C. Lockwood; 
(4, 7) Bruce Dale, NGP; (6) William A. Allard.

COYPU: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Robert Maier.

CUSCUS: (1) (c)Stanley Breeden/DRK PHOTO; (2) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Fritz Prenzel.

DEER: (1) (c)Leonard Lee Rue III/DRK PHOTO; (2, 5, 7, 9-11) Bates Littlehales; 
(3) Ned Smith; (4, 6) Bruce Dale, NGP; (8) George F. Mobley, NGP; (12-15) 
Nicole Duplaix; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

DOG: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Adrienne T. Gibson; (2) George F. Mobley, NGP; (3) 
David S. Boyer; (4-5, 7-8) Joseph H. Bailey, NGP; (6) Townsend P. Dickinson/PR;
(9-14) James L. Stanfield, NGP.

DOLPHIN: (1) James L. Stanfield, NGP;  (2) David S. Boyer; (3) Steven L. 
Raymer, NGS; (4-5) Walter Meayers Edwards; (6) (c)Jeff Foott/DRK PHOTO; 
(7) Nicole Duplaix; (8) The Pittsburgh Zoo; (9) Flip Nicklin; Video (c)National 
Geographic Society. 

DORMOUSE: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Oxford Scientific Films/Press-Tige Pictures.

DUGONG: (1-2) Ben Cropp Productions.

DUIKER: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Miriam Austerman.

ECHIDNA: (1-2) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Hans and Judy Beste; Video (c)National Geographic 
Society. 

ELEPHANT: (1, 3-6) George F. Mobley, NGP; (2) Emory Kristof, NGP; (7-8) James 
P. Blair, NGP; (9) Joseph J. Scherschel; (10-12) Volkmar Wentzel; (13) Bruce 
Dale, NGP; (14-15) Frank and Helen Schreider; Video (c)National Geographic 
Society. 

ELEPHANT SHREW: (1) Zoological Society of San Diego; (2) Tom McHugh/National 
Audubon Society Collection/PR.

ELK: (1, 7) Bates Littlehales; (2) James L. Stanfield, NGP; (3-5, 9-10) William
A. Allard; (6) James P. Blair, NGP; (8) David Alan Harvey; (11) Dick
Durrance II.

FOSSA: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Michael Dick.

FOX: (1) Walter Meayers Edwards; (2) Volkmar Wentzel; (3) (c)Stephen J. 
Krasemann/DKR PHOTO; (4) Bruce Dale, NGP; (5) James L. Stanfield, NGP; 
(6-7) Steven L. Raymer, NGS; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

GAZELLE: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Fran Allan; (2, 4) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK 
PHOTO; (3) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Bruce Davidson; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

GERBIL: (1-2) James L. Stanfield, NGP.

GIBBON: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Tom Edwards.

GIRAFFE: (1-2, 4, 9) George F. Mobley, NGP; (3) Bates Littlehales; (5, 7) 
Volkmar Wentzel; (6) Bruce Dale, NGP; (8, 10) Frank and Helen Schreider; Video 
(c)National Geographic Society. 

GLIDER: (1-3) (c)Stanley Breeden/DRK PHOTO; Video (c)National Geographic 
Society. 

GOAT: (1, 6) George F. Mobley, NGP; (2, 4, 7-9) James L. Stanfield, NGP; (3) 
Veronica Morrison, NGS; (5) James L. Amos, NGP; (10) ANIMALS ANIMALS/John 
Chellman.

GORILLA: (1) Paul A. Zahl; (2) Bates Littlehales; (3) James L. Amos, NGP; (4-5)
(c)Peter Veit/DRK PHOTO; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

GUINEA PIG: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/John Chellman.

HAMSTER: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Oxford Scientific Films; (2-3) Joseph H. Bailey, 
NGP.

HARE: (1) Walter Meayers Edwards; (2) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Stouffer Enterprises; 
(3) Robert F. Sisson; (4) George F. Mobley, NGP; (5) Bates Littlehales; Video 
(c)National Geographic Society. 

HEDGEHOG: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Henry Ausloos; (2) Nicholas Smythe/National
Audubon Society Collection/PR.

HIPPOPOTAMUS: (1-2, 6, 8) George F. Mobley, NGP; (3) Volkmar Wentzel; (4-5, 7) 
Frank and Helen Schreider; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

HOG: (1, 6-7, 9-10) George F. Mobley, NGP; (2) Volkmar Wentzel; (3-4) Frank and
Helen Schreider; (5) James P. Blair, NGP; (8) St. Meyers/Tierbild Okapia/PR; 
(11) Albert Moldvay; (12) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Zig Leszczynski.

HONEY POSSUM: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Oxford Scientific Films/Gerald Thompson; Video 
(c)National Geographic Society. 

HORSE: (1, 6-8) James L. Stanfield, NGP; (2) Bruce Dale, NGP; (3-4) Richard S. 
Durrance; (5) James L. Amos, NGP; (9) Nicole Duplaix. In Game: Emory 
Kristof, NGP.

HUMANS: (1) James A. Gensheimer; (2, 19, 21) James L. Stanfield, NGP; (3, 25) 
Robert W. Madden, NGS; (4, 9) David Alan Harvey; (5, 8, 16, 23) George F. 
Mobley, NGP; (6, 11, 14, 17) Jodi Cobb, NGP; (7) Dean Conger; (10) Anne 
B. Keiser; (12) Justin N. Locke; (13) Joseph J. Scherschel; (15) Volkmar 
Wentzel; (18) James P. Blair, NGP; (20) Steven L. Raymer, NGS; (22) Otis 
Imboden; (24) Nicholas DeVore III; (26) Wilbur E. Garrett, NGS.

HUTIA: (1) Tom McHugh/National Audubon Society Collection/PR.

HYENA: (1) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK PHOTO; (2) Volkmar Wentzel; (3-4) George 
F. Mobley, NGP; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

HYRAX: (1-3) George F. Mobley, NGP; (4) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK PHOTO.

JACKAL: (1-3) George F. Mobley, NGP; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

JAGUAR: (1) Tom McHugh/National Audubon Society Collection/PR; (2) ANIMALS 
ANIMALS/Henry Ausloos.

JERBOA: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Oxford Scientific Films/J. A. L. Cooke.

KANGAROO: (1) Joseph J. Scherschel; (2, 4) Gordon Gahan; (3) Heather 
Angel/Biofotos; (5) Steven L. Raymer, NGS; (6) (c)M. P. Kahl/DRK PHOTO; 
(7) Anne B. Keiser; (8) Nicole Duplaix; (9) (c)Stanley Breeden/DRK PHOTO; Video 
(c)National Geographic Society. 

KANGAROO RAT: (1) Bruce Dale, NGP; (2) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Oxford Scientific Films.

KINKAJOU: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Richard K. LaVal; (2) Jany Sauvanet/National 
Audubon Society Collection/PR.

KOALA: (1) Joseph J. Scherschel; (2-4, 6) W. Robert Moore; (5) Paul A. Zahl; 
(7) Anne B. Keiser; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

LEMMING: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Mark A. Chappell.

LEMUR: (1-4) Albert Moldvay; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

LEOPARD: (1) Bruce Dale, NGP; (2-4) Emory Kristof, NGP; (5) James L. Amos; Video 
(c)National Geographic Society. 

LION: (1-4, 6, 8-10, 12, 14) George F. Mobley, NGP; (5) Volkmar Wentzel; (7) 
James P. Blair, NGP; (11) Gilbert M. Grosvenor, NGS; (13) Emory Kristof, NGP; 
Video (c)National Geographic Society. 

LLAMA: (1, 4-6) Bates Littlehales; (2-3) George F. Mobley, NGP; (7) ANIMALS 
ANIMALS/Patti Murray; (8) Nicole Duplaix.

LORIS: (1) (c)Stanley Breeden/DRK PHOTO; (2) Stanley Breeden; (3) Jean-Phillipe 
Varin/Jacana/PR; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

LYNX: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/E. R. Degginger; (2) (c)Peter Pickford/DRK PHOTO; (3) 
Volkmar Wentzel; (4) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Marty Stouffer Productions.

MANATEE: (1) (c)Doug Perrine/DRK PHOTO; (2) Bianca Lavies; (3-4) Robert F. 
Sisson.

MARA: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Ralph A. Reinhold.

MARMOT: (1, 3) Bruce Dale, NGP; (2) George F. Mobley, NGP.

MARSUPIAL CAT: (1) (c)Stanley Breeden/DRK PHOTO.

MARSUPIAL MOUSE: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Keith Gillett; (2) (c)Stanley Breeden/DRK 
PHOTO; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

MARTEN: (1) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK PHOTO.

MINK: (1) Wayne Lankinen/AQUILA PHOTOGRAPHICS; (2) ANIMALS ANIMALS/C. C. 
Lockwood.

MOLE: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Zig Leszczynski; (2) (c)Dwight R. Kuhn/DRK PHOTO; 
(3) Ned Smith.

MOLE RAT: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Raymond A. Mendez.

MONGOOSE: (1-2) James P. Blair, NGP; (3) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Oxford Scientific 
Films/David MacDonald.

NEW WORLD MONKEY: (1-2) George F. Mobley, NGP; (3, 8) Nicole Duplaix; (4) Frank
and Helen Schreider; (5) Robert W. Madden, NGS; (6) ANIMALS ANIMALS/
Oxford Scientific Films/Michael Fogden; (7) ANIMALS ANIMALS/John Chellman.

OLD WORLD MONKEY: (1, 4, 8, 16, 18) George F. Mobley, NGP; (2, 5, 10) Bruce 
Dale, NGP; (3, 12-15) Volkmar Wentzel; (6) Nicole Duplaix; (7) Wilbur E. 
Garrett, NGS; (9) Robert F. Sisson; (11) Dean Conger; (17) (c)Steven J. 
Krasemann/DRK PHOTO; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

MOOSE: (1) Paul A. Zahl; (2) Bates Littlehales; (3, 8) Bruce Dale, NGP; (4-5) 
James L. Amos, NGP; (6-7) William A. Allard; Video (c)National Geographic 
Society. 

MOUNTAIN GOAT: (1) Douglas H. Chadwick; (2) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Leonard Lee Rue 
III; (3) George F. Mobley, NGP; (4) Tom McHugh/National Audubon Society 
Collection/PR; (5) Wardene Weisser/ARDEA, LONDON.

MOUNTAIN LION: (1) Walter Meayers Edwards; (2) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK 
PHOTO; (3-4) Bruce Dale, NGP.

MOUSE: (1) Bruce Dale, NGP.

MUSKOX: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Fran Allan; (2-4) George F. Mobley, NGP.

MUSKRAT: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Harry Engels; (2) (c)Wayne Lynch/DRK PHOTO.

NUMBAT: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Hans and Judy Beste; Video (c)National Geographic 
Society. 

OKAPI: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/L. L. T. Rhodes.

OPOSSUM:  (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Joe and Carol McDonald; (2) Larry R. Collins; 
(3) Nicole Duplaix.

ORANGUTAN: (1) (c)David Smart/DRK PHOTO; (2, 4) David Alan Harvey; (3) Bates 
Littlehales; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

OTTER: (1) Robert F. Sisson; (2-4) Bates Littlehales; (5-8) Nicole Duplaix.

PACA: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Oxford Scientific Films/Partridge Productions.

PANDA: (1) Bates Littlehales; (2) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Zig Leszczynski; (3) Bianca 
Lavies; (4) (c)James R. Fisher/DRK PHOTO; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

PANGOLIN: (1) (c)Peter Pickford/DRK PHOTO; (2) ANIMALS ANIMALS/G. L. Kooyman.

PECCARY: (1-2) Dick Durrance II; (3-4) Bates Littlehales; (5) (c)Jeff 
Foott/DRK PHOTO.

PIKA: (1) Bruce Dale, NGP.

PLATYPUS: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Hans and Judy Beste; (2) Anne B. Keiser; (3) Ned 
Smith; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

POCKET GOPHER: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/C. W. Schwartz.

POLECAT: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Robert Maier; (2) James P. Blair, NGP; (3) 
Veronica Morrison, NGS; (4) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Michael and Barbara Reed; (5) Tom 
McHugh/National Audubon Society Collection/PR; (6) Mitch Reardon/National 
Audubon Society Collection/PR; (7) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Anthony Bannister. 

PORCUPINE: (1) Wilbur E. Garrett, NGS; (2) George F. Mobley, NGP; (3) Bates 
Littlehales; (4) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Raymond A. Mendez; (5) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Anthony
Bannister.

PRAIRIE DOG: (1-2, 4) Bates Littlehales; (3) James P. Blair, NGP; (5) Ned Smith.

PRONGHORN: (1) Dan J. Dry; (2, 7) Bates Littlehales; (3) Dennis R. Dimick, NGS;
(4-5) William A. Allard; (6) Andrew H. Brown.

RABBIT: (1-4) Bates Littlehales; (5) Bruce Dale, NGP; Video (c)National 
Geographic Society. 

RACCOON: (1) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK PHOTO; (2) Bates Littlehales.

RACCOON DOG: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Mickey Gibson.

RAT: (1-4) James L. Stanfield, NGP; (5) Jen and Des Bartlett/SURVIVAL ANGLIA 
LTD; (6) Jen and Des Bartlett.

RHINOCEROS: (1-2) George F. Mobley, NGP; (3-4) Volkmar Wentzel; (5) James P. 
Blair, NGP; (6) (c)Belinda Wright/DRK PHOTO; Video (c)National Geographic 
Society. 

RINGTAIL: (1) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK PHOTO; (2) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Alan G. 
Nelson.

SAIGA: (1) Nicole Duplaix.

SEAL: (1) Thomas J. Abercrombie, NGS; (2) Wilbur E. Garrett, NGS; (3) Bates 
Littlehales; (4) Jonathan S. Blair.

SEA LION: (1, 2-3, 12) George F. Mobley, NGP; (4, 6, 13) Bates Littlehales; (5, 
7-10) James L. Stanfield, NGP; (11) Gilbert M. Grosvenor, NGS; (14) Joseph J. 
Scherschel.

SHEEP: (1) David Alan Harvey; (2) Dick Durrance II; (3) James P. Blair, NGP;
(4, 6-8) George F. Mobley, NGP; (5) Nicole Duplaix; (9) Walter Meayers
Edwards; (10) Robert S. Patton, NGS; (11) James L. Stanfield, NGP.

SHREW: (1) (c)Dwight R. Kuhn/DRK PHOTO.

SKUNK: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/E. R. Degginger.

SLOTH: (1) James Holland; (2) George F. Mobley, NGP; (3) Nicole Duplaix.

SOLENODON: (1) James A. Hancock/National Audubon Society Collection/PR.

SQUIRREL: (1) Gordon Gahan; (2) James L. Stanfield, NGP; (3, 5-7) Bates 
Littlehales; (4) (c)S. Nielsen/DRK PHOTO: (8) James A. Gensheimer; (9-10) Wilbur
E. Garrett, NGS.

TAPIR: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Michael Dick; (2) ANIMALS ANIMALS/William Robinson; 
(3) Ned Smith; (4) Nicole Duplaix.

TARSIER: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Michael Dick.

TASMANIAN DEVIL: (1) (c)Melinda Berge/DRK PHOTO; (2) Joseph J. Scherschel.

TENREC: (1) Howard Uible/National Audubon Society Collection/PR; (2) P. 
Morris/ARDEA LONDON.

TIGER: (1) Bates Littlehales; (2) Helen A. Schreider; (3) Thomas Nebbia; Video 
(c)National Geographic Society. 

TREE SHREW: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Stouffer Enterprises.

TUCO-TUCO: (1) Jen and Des Bartlett.

VIZCACHA: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Ken G. Preston-Mafham.

VOLE: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Oxford Scientific Films.

WALRUS: (1,3) Gordon Gahan; (2) Bruce Dale, NGP.

WEASEL: (1) (c)R. J. Erwin/DRK PHOTO.

WHALE: (1) Bates Littlehales; (2-3) Chuck Nicklin; (4-7) Sylvia Earle; (8-9) 
Flip Nicklin; (10) Walter Meayers Edwards; (11) Ned Smith; Video (c)National 
Geographic Society. 

WOLF: (1) (c)Stephen J. Krasemann/DRK PHOTO; (2) Joseph H. Bailey, NGP; (3) 
James L. Amos, NGP; (4) George F. Mobley, NGP; Video (c)National Geographic 
Society. 

WOLVERINE: (1) (c)John W. Matthews/DRK PHOTO.

WOMBAT: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/John Chellman; (2) Tom McHugh/National Audubon 
Society Collection/PR; Video (c)National Geographic Society.

YAK: (1) ANIMALS ANIMALS/Richard Kolar; (2) George F. Mobley, NGP.

ZEBRA: (1) Bates Littlehales; (2-4, 13) George F. Mobley, NGP; (5, 7-9) 
Volkmar Wentzel; (6) Frank and Helen Schreider; (10-11) Emory Kristof, NGP; 
(12) James L. Stanfield, NGP; Video (c)National Geographic Society.


