                                

                                      .. 㢠

                                       ।樥
                                      .. ࢨ

                                      (C) ⫠,  1997

                                      ᮡ   ࠭
                                      ⮫쪮  ࠬ  ⫠-
                                      ᪨  ᮢ    
                                      ꥪ⮬ ᪮ ࠢ.

                     4. 窠


     ঠ

1.   ⠡
   1.1. ࢮ ।⠢
   1.2.  뢠 ⠡
   1.3.  ଠ 㤮 ࠭  ⠡
   1.4.  ࠧ ଠ  ⠡
2. 襭  窨
   2.1.   
   2.2.  蠥,  ६ 
3. ࠡ⪠ 
   3.1. ᪠ 窨
        3.1.1.  ᫮ - ਤ㬠 
        3.1.2.  ࠬ஢ 
        3.1.3.  ⠡
        3.1.4.  ᫮ 
        3.1.5.    ᫮ 
        3.1.6.  ꥪ⮢
        3.1.7.  ⮢ 
   3.2.  
   3.3.    


1.   ⠡

1.1. ࢮ ।⠢

   .      ᥣ譨 ?
   . 窠!    ந ,  -
 ⥪⮢ ଠ  㯮冷   ⠡.
   .    ⠡ 㬭.
   .       ਬ஢. ,   ᯮᮡ
㯮冷稢 ଠ樨, ᯮ 쭮 . ⮬ 
  ந , ᭮뢠  ⠡ ६ -
᪨ , ।⠢⥫  ⭮ , ᪨
ᮡ⨩     㣨  ⠡,    祭 㤮 
।⠢ ଠ樨,  뢠  .
     ,  ࠧ   ᯮ ⠡ 㬭,  ᪠,  
 ஥.
   . 祭 ,    ᮢ:

                           ⮫ ⠡
                  Ŀ
                                  
                  ͻ
                  1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9  - 
                      ⮫殢
               ͹
           11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 
              Ķ
           22 4 6 8 1012141618
              Ķ
           33 6 9 121518212427
              Ķ - ⪨
           44 8 12162024283236    (祩)
              Ķ    ⠡
ப  55 1015202530354045
⠡       Ķ
           66 1218243036424854
              Ķ
           77 1421283542495663
              Ķ
           88 1624324048566472
              Ķ
           99 1827364554637281
               ͼ
                
                  ப

   .  ᮢ ⠡,   ᠫ   㭪  -
.   ।⠢ ᮡ אַ㣮쭨,  祭
 ⪨. ᫨  ⪨ ᬮ  ⨪,   ࠧ-
 ⮫, ᫨  ਧ⠫ - ப.  ப  ⮫-
    ⠡  ᢮ .  뢠  
஥  ⠡楩 ⥫ ⪨.
   .  ப  ⮫殢   ⠡ 㬭 -
     .
   .   짮 ⮩ ⠡楩?
   . 祭  !  ᫨ 㦭 㧭, ਬ, १
㬭 ᫠ 6    ᫮ 8,       ⢥ 
⪥  祭 ⮫   "6"  ப  -
 "8".   ⪥  祭 ப   "6"
 ⮫     "8".   ࠢ,  ⮬   68 =
86.    ⪠ ᠭ ᫮ 48.
   . ୮!  饬 砥 ⠡  ᯮ  ࠭
ଠ樨      ࠪ묨 ਧ. 祭  
ਧ ᯨᠭ     ப, 㣮 -  
⮫殢.      ⠡  祭, -
 饥 ਧ ப  ⮫,  祭 -
  ᯮ.
    ⠡ 㬭 ਧ 㦠 祭  ᮬ-
.  ਧ -  祭  ࢮ ᮬ⥫, ன
- 祭 ண.
   .  ⠡  㤮 祭.  ⠡-
   - ⨭᪮ 㪢,   祭
 ⮢ (ᮤন ⮪)  ࠭ 㪢 ਯ뢠
   ᫠    祭    ஢ ப 
⮫,     室.  ᫠ 뢠
ᠬ:

                 M    - ⠡ 㬭

                 M    -   ⠡, ᯮ  ⪥
                  6,8     祭 ⮩ ப  쬮
                         ⮫.
                 6,8  - 

   .  稫  ⠡ 㬭 㪢 M.   
, :
               M    = M    = 48.
                6,8    8,6
   .    祭   ⪮  ⠡-
 㬭 ⠪:

          M    = ij  (i = 1, ..., 9; j = 1, ..., 9)
           i,j

     .     !  ᠫ,    ⠡,
ᯮ  ⪥   祭 i- ப  j- ⮫-
, ࠢ ந i  j.  ⠪   ᪮ 㪠 
 祭   ᮢ,   ⢮  뢠 
⪨ ⠡!
     . ᫮ ப  ⮫殢  ⠡ 뢠  ࠧ-
. ୮  뢠    ந,  ஬
 ᮬ⥫ 砥 ᫮ ப,    ன  -  ᫮
⮫殢.  㬭  ࠧ୮ 99 (⠥ -
  ). ,   ᫮ ப ࠢ 
⮫殢, 뢠 묨.
   .    ᫨ 믮 㬭   ࠧ୮,  
 饥 ᫮ ⮪  ⠡!   㬭 -
⮨  99 = 81 ⪨.
     ⪨,   ⢮    ப  ⮫-
殢,  뢠  । ࠧ୮?
   . .   - ᯮ⥫!

1.2.  뢠 ⠡

   .  㬭 - ᨬ筠 ⠡.  뢠
 ⠡,  
                          M    = M
                           i,j    j,i
  ⨬ 祭 i  j.
     .  ⮬,   㬭 ⠭筠.
     .  ୮,     룫廊 ⥫⢮  ᨬਨ
⠡ 㬭   祭:

                          M    = ij = ji =  M
                           i,j                 j,i
       ந ⠪:  ",  ᯮ 
祭 i- ப  j- ⮫, ࠢ ந ij.
 ᨫ ᢮⢠ ⠭筮 㬭 ij  = ji. ᫥-
 ந ࠢ , ᯮ   祭
j- ப  i- ⮫.
   .  ਢ筮,   ⭮.
   .  ⠡ 砥    ᨬ ⭮⥫쭮
, ஢   孥 㣫 אַ㣮쭨 
:
                       Ŀ
                        \               
                          \             
                            \           
                              \         
                                \       
                                  \     
                                    \   
                                      \ 
                       
   .  砥,     ⪠, ᯮ  ࠢ
ﭨ  , ᠭ     祭.
   . 묨  ᫮,    ⠡ 筠.  ࠭
१⮢  㬭  ᥫ 筮 뫮     -
㣮쭮 :
    Ŀ                        Ŀ
    1                         1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 
    Ŀ                     Ĵ
    2 4                         4 6 8 1012141618
    Ŀ                     Ĵ
    3 6 9                         9 121518212427
    Ŀ                     Ĵ
    4 8 1216                        162024283236
    Ŀ                  Ĵ
    5 10152025                        2530354045
    Ŀ                     Ĵ
    6 1218243036                        36424854
    Ŀ                     Ĵ
    7 142128354249                        495663
    Ŀ                     Ĵ
    8 16243240485664                        6472
    Ŀ                     Ĵ
    9 1827364554637281                        81
                            

   .    ⠡ ᨢ  㤮!  ஬ ⮣,
  ࠢ ࠧ  筮 ᯮᮡ  ந-
 :
       11 = 1    21 = 2    31 = 3   41 = 4    51 = 5
       12 = 2    22 = 4    32 = 6   42 = 8    52 = 10
       13 = 3    23 = 6    33 = 9   43 = 12   53 = 15
       14 = 4    24 = 8    34 = 12  44 = 16   54 = 20
       15 = 5    25 = 10   35 = 15  45 = 20   55 = 25
       16 = 6    26 = 12   36 = 18  46 = 24   56 = 30
       17 = 7    27 = 14   37 = 21  47 = 28   57 = 35
       18 = 8    28 = 16   38 = 24  48 = 32   58 = 40
       19 = 9    29 = 18   39 = 27  49 = 36   59 = 45

            61 = 6    71 = 7    81 = 8   91 = 9
            62 = 12   72 = 14   82 = 16  92 = 18
            63 = 18   73 = 21   83 = 24  93 = 27
            64 = 24   74 = 28   84 = 32  94 = 36
            65 = 30   75 = 35   85 = 40  95 = 45
            66 = 36   76 = 42   86 = 48  96 = 54
            67 = 42   77 = 49   87 = 56  97 = 63
            68 = 48   78 = 56   88 = 64  98 = 72
            69 = 54   79 = 63   89 = 72  99 = 81

   .  ⮫  ࠢ⢠  訡筮 ⮦ 뢠-
 ⠡楩 㬭.  - ⥯ ,   -
쭮.
   ᫥  ᨭ  砭  祭 ࠢ쭮.   
ᯮᮡ ।⠢  ࠭ ଠ樨   ࠧ  ᯮ-
, ⮬     㤮  ᪠ ଠ樨.
   . ,  ⢨⥫쭮,   㦭  祭   ⠡
祭 : 㦭  , ᯮ  ⪥ 
祭 ப  ⮫.
   . 稢  ࠧ    ⠡ 㬭,  
,       㣮쭮    -
 ⮢.
   .  ⭮,    ᮤন ந
ࠧ ᮬ⥫.
   .   ᯮ  㣨 ⠡. 宦,  ⠡
㬭  "ᠫ"  祪.
   . ਬ   ஭: ⠡ 㤠  ᮫-
筮 ⥬  襣  ᢥ⨫ - :

                          Ŀ
                           ﭨ 
                            
                          ஢  
                Ĵ
                 ਩    58      
                Ĵ
                      108      
                Ĵ
                       150      
                Ĵ
                        228      
                Ĵ
                      778      
                Ĵ
                     1426      
                Ĵ
                 ࠭      2869      
                Ĵ
                     4496      
                Ĵ
                 ⮭    5929      
                

   .    ⠡?   ⮫ 祭.
   . , 筮, ⠡,   ⮨ ᥣ  -
 ⮫.     祪.
   .     ᮢ   -㣮:
       Ŀ
        ਩       ೑୳࠭  㭳⮭
Ĵ
-                                                              
ﭨ  58      108    150    228     778   1426 2869   4496 5929  
 .                                                             
                                                                 


      뫠  ᥣ  窠,   ⮫殢.
   .  뢠 ⠡,  騥    ப  
⮫?
   . ᪨ -  筮!    ࠪ⨪ ࠭ ᥣ
 祭   ⠡ 㤮, ⠪  ⮫쪮 ⮣,
 ।,   ⠡  ६ 㤥 -
.
   .    ਤ㬠   ਬ.  ⢨⥫쭮,  砥
ᬥ譮:
                   Ŀ                Ŀ
                   ᫮                ᫮   
                   ᮢ                ࠤᮢ
            Ĵ    Ĵ
               24      אַ 㣮   90   
                

   .   ⫥,     ⠡  ࠭
⮫쪮 ᫠!
   . , 筮!  ਬ  த.  ⠡-
 ࠢ ᢮⢠ 줠  ᭥:
         Ŀ
               ஧筮      ⢨ ⥯     㣨  
                                                        ᢮⢠
 Ĵ
         ஧멳, ॢ頥  㳐  
 Ĵ
     梥멳஧  , ॢ頥  㳕㯪 
 

   .   ਬ-ࠦ  ᪮ .
   ࠦ.   ᫮    ।  
.    ⠡.
    ஧ ﭢ᪨   ⠫  让 .
          Ŀ
                     ᫮                
Ĵ
        ।                                                   
Ĵ
஧ ਫ⥫쭮  ᪮⢥ ⥫멳          
Ĵ
ﭢ᪨ਫ⥫쭮  ᪮⢥ ⥫멳          
Ĵ
     ⢨⥫쭮 ᪮⢥ ⥫멳  ஥  
Ĵ
     ⢨⥫쭮 ।⢥⥫멳  ஥  
Ĵ
⠫           ।⢥                      
ĳ
        ।                                                   
Ĵ
让  ਫ⥫쭮 ᪨ ⢥ த⥫           
Ĵ
     ⢨⥫쭮᪨ ⢥ த⥫   ࢮ  


   .   ⠡, ࠢ, 稫 "ન" - 
⪨  묨, ଠ   .
   . ⢨   ⪥ -  ⮦ ଠ. -
ਬ,  ।  த.  ⮬   祭, -
騩 ᪨ . ᫨        ⠡  
⮪,   뢠   - ᯥ樠쭮 -
祢 ᫮, ਬ, "".

1.3.  ଠ 㤮 ࠭  ⠡

   .   ⠪  ਬ   ⠡. 宦,   
࠭   㣮,  ଠ.
   .   ⠡, 筮,    ଠ,
  ᥣ  ࠧ㬭 .
   .   㬠,    ଠ      
⠡. , ਬ,      奬 ⮡ -
⮢ த ᫠-᪮?
   . 祬   . , ,     -
 .  த  ⮡묨 ⠬ 稢
 .       ⪮ ⠡-
:

             1        2        3        4        5
         Ŀ
       a                                          
                                                  
         
       b                                          
                                                  
         
       c                                          
                                                  
         
       d                                          
                                                  
         

   .  ⠡ ᮤন  ᫠    ⥪,  㭪.
 祬  த 稢  ⪨?
   . ॢ   த   ⠡ 㤮  ண
᪠ 㦭 ଠ樨. ᫠-᪨ -  祭 -
让 த    ⠡   ⠪ ,   
த  祭 㤮.   ᪢, ਬ, ਫ
ᯨ᮪  ꥪ⮢  㪠 ⮢,    -
室. ᫨,  ਬ,  ᠭ,    " 㪨"
ᯮ   c4,   祭    .
   . ⭮, 㪢 "c"  -    ப ⠡, 
᫮ "4" -    ⮫.  ,  " 㪨" 
᪠   ᥬ ஬ ,  ⮫쪮  ⪥ c4. ,
⢨⥫쭮, 祭 㤮!
   . , ਧ,   ਬ  ⮡묨 ⠬ 
祭 㤠祭.     ࠭    ⠡ ஬ ..⮣
"  "?
   .     ஬   ⠡... ।⠢  ᥡ
ணࠬ,  뢮  ࠭ ⠡   ஬-
,   饫 誮  ⪥,  "뢠"   ࠭
뢮  ⥪ ?
   . , ⢨⥫쭮, ⠪  ᤥ,   ஬, -
筮,    .
   .   筮!  ᫨ ஬ ⥡ 㦥    ⥭, 
 ᫥ -  㤮. ਬ, ⢮ 楫  
 ᫮          -
 ࠦ.
   . 砥,     ⪠ ⠡ ᮤন 楫
!
   . !    ਬ  㤠祭.    
⠡ 奬 ᯮ 䠩 ணࠬ   "-
"?

C:\
 KURSROB
    KURS
       1
          KLETKA        - ⠫ 窨
             tabs.exe  Ŀ 窠-祭
             tabs.pcx  
             tabt.exe  Ŀ 窠-⥫
             tabt.pcx  
             tab.ini    -  ஥
             ini.bat    - 맮 ஭  ।஢
                           ஥
             DOC        - ⠫ 㬥樨
             TASK       - ⠫  ⮢묨 砬
                fl.exe   Ŀ
                flte.cut    
                fltr.cut  
                fl.pic    
                f.ini    
                ENGLISH  - ⠫   ᪮ 
                FRANCAIS - ⠫   ࠭᪮ 
                HIS      - ⠫   ਨ
                SPORT    - ⠫   ᯮ
                KUK      - ⠫  㪠
                GEO      - ⠫   䨨
                   geo .lst -    䨨
                   anim.tab Ŀ
                   demi.tab  
                   geob.tab  
                   golf.tab  
                   iles.tab  
                   koor.tab  
                   manc.tab     砬
                   mont.tab  
                   regi.tab  
                   riva.tab  
                   rive.tab  
                   vill.tab  
                   vois.tab  
                   faun.tab 

   .    奬   ᮢ  ⢥ ⪥
⠡ ࠧ୮ 11.    ⮩ 奬 ந 楫
 ⠡   뢠  짮⥫ ⠪,   ᤥ
 ணࠬ Norton Commnder:
     ⠫ KURSROB:
            Ŀ
                            ६ 
            Ĵ
            ..          <⠫>06-27-9710:26a
            DOC         <⠫>06-27-9710:27a
            ICON        <⠫>06-27-9710:27a
            KURS        <⠫>06-27-9710:28a
            SYS         <⠫>06-27-9710:27a
            go       bat        806-27-9710:39a
            ini      bat       2606-27-97 6:18p
            adp      exe   17,27712-11-95 6:20p
            desk     exe  129,85907-01-97 1:35p
            dp       exe   49,11807-24-9611:17a
            maindesk exe    5,60507-19-96 9:59a
            rdd      exe   17,36012-13-95 7:09p
            rview    exe   29,70110-16-95 9:40a
            desk     ini      90306-30-9710:29a
            dp       pic   47,61611-23-94 9:46a
            
     ⠫ KURS:
            Ŀ
                            ६ 
            Ĵ
            ..          <⠫>06-27-9710:28a
            1           <⠫>06-27-9710:28a
            GS          <⠫>06-27-97 5:30p
            micron   exe   49,25606-11-9612:02p
            paint    exe   68,65006-20-9512:17p
            paint    doc   20,77508-09-95 6:25p
            micron   doc   12,87302-22-9610:08a
            sharm    exe   58,43710-09-939:10p 
            sharm    doc    5,77507-20-9311:16a
            
     ⠫ 1:
            Ŀ
                            ६ 
            Ĵ
            ..          <⠫>06-27-9710:28a
            MOLE        <⠫>06-27-9710:28a
            ABC         <⠫>06-27-9710:29a
            KLETKA      <⠫>06-27-9710:29a
            PATH        <⠫>06-27-9710:29a
            KP          <⠫>06-27-9710:30a
            
     ⠫ KLETKA:
            Ŀ
                            ६ 
            Ĵ
            ..          <⠫>06-27-9710:29a
            DOC         <⠫>06-27-9710:31a
            TASK        <⠫>06-27-9710:31a
            ini      bat       2406-27-97 5:09p
            tabs     exe   70,72604-11-9611:24a
            tabt     exe   70,99909-02-9611:08a
            tab      ini      24704-06-9611:21a
            tabs     pcx   19,04804-05-9611:59a
            tabt     pcx   23,09104-05-9611:58a
            

    ⫨稥   ⨭ 奬,  ⠡ Norton'  
楫쭮 ।⠢  ᯮ  䠩  ᪥. -
, ⠡ Norton'a 㤮 ᯮ짮   ⢥  -
.
    ஥஢  ᯮᮡ ।⠢ ଠ樨  ᥣ
㬥⥭   ⮬,  祣  ଠ  -
. ᫨  ⨬   ᯮ  ⠫   䠩 
᪥,   ⨭ 㭮, 筮, 㤮. 奬, ᮢ
⥩, 뢠 ॢ.   ॢ 㤮 ࠭ -
ଠ,   .
   .   ᫮ ᫮  ந!
   .  -  ᨬ  稭  祭
 ꥪ⮢  㣨.
    ⨭ 奬 ,   C ᮤন ⠫ KURSROB,
 ,  ᢮ ।, ⠫ KURS. ⠫  KURS ᮤন -
⠫ "1",   - ⠫ KLETKA. ⠫ KLETKA ᮤন 䠩-
  ᪠ ணࠬ  窠  ⠫ DOC -   -
㬥樥  ASK -   ⮢묨  砬   䠩 
.
   . ,   ⨭ ॢ, ᭨ - ᯮ-
 䠩  ᪥ 뫮  祭 ᫮...
   .    ᯮ 䠩  ᪥   ⠪    
.  祬 ⫠  ᥬ ⨬ "᪮" ॢ
ந ᢮ .  奬 ᯮ   
⮦   :
                    Ŀ
                     ࢠ ࠭ 
                    
      Ŀ
Ŀ  Ŀ   Ŀ   Ŀ  Ŀ
   ⨭   窠   ய  誠
          
                                
                 Ŀ
              Ŀ                         Ŀ
              稳                         ஢
                                       
     Ŀ            
ĿĿĿĿĿ         
EnglishﳳFrancaisﳳ         
         
                                                       
       Ŀ
ĿĿĿĿ
窠-ೳ ᠭ ⠳ᠭ 

   .  "୮" ॢ  ᮢ 筮 ⠪ ,
  䠩:

 
  
 
 
   
     English
     
     Francais
     
     
   
      窠-
       
      ᠭ 
      ᠭ 
 
 

   訬 㢠     奬 뤥  -࠭
(⠪ ,   䠩 ॢ -  ⠫).
   . ᫥ 㭮  ਣ  㧪 ࠤ
 㬠. ,  筮,   奬 ᮢ襭 ࠢ 
।⠢   ⮦ ॢ  .
   .      筮 ࠢ:     㣮 
  ⠡,      砥  !
   .  ⠪ 㫨஢ 㤭  ᮣ.

1.4.  ࠧ ଠ  ⠡

   .  㤮 ᯮ짮  ࠭ ଠ樨-
 ꥪ⮢,      ன ࠪਧ
 ਧ.  ⢮  祭  ࢮ ਧ ஦
ப ⠡, ⢮  ண  - ⮫. ᫨  ᫮
믮,    ଠ樮 ꥪ    ࠧ  
⪠: 㦭  ஢  祭    ਧ  ⠢
ꥪ      祭 ᮮ⢥饩 ப  ⮫-
.
   .  ਤ㬠   䨨,  ன  ᯮ짮-
 ⠡.
   . -   ᪮?
   . ,  த.
   . த   ࠧ   ࠧ ⠡.  
 롮 ࠪ᪨ ਧ.
   .   ਧ ( 㤥 । ப), -
砥  ⮬, ᯮ  த  ᨨ     -
. ன  ਧ ( 㤥 । ⮫) ࠧ
த  ய᪨  ᪨:

                            Ŀ
                                             
                              ய     
                 Ĵ
                  த                    
                  ᨨ                    
                 Ĵ
                  த                   
                   ᨨ                  
                 

   .  ⥡ 稫 ⠡ ࠧ୮   .
   . ,    㪢 G. ࠢ   ᫥騥: 
 뢠  த,    - ,    ⠡
  .
   . ४᭮!  ⮢.
   . 堭.
   . G
          1,1
   . .
   . G
          2,1
   . ⮪.
   . G
          1,2
   . .
   . G
          2,2
   . .
   . G
          2,2
   . 蠢.
   . G
          2,1
   . 祭  .   ᥩ "﫨" ⢮

   {堭, , ⮪, , , 蠢}

१ ⨭ ⠡筮 "".  ""    ⠪:

                         Ŀ
                         ⮫  ⮫  
     Ĵ
      த ᯮ                      
                                      
     Ĵ
      த  ᯮ                     
                                    
     

   .  ⮣  ।  ⪠   ᠬ த
뫮  㣨 ( ⠡   M):
            堭  - M
                             1,2
                     - M
                             2,1
            ⮪  - M
                             1,2
                    - M
                             2,1
                    - M
                             2,1
            蠢      - M
                             2,1

   . 묨 ᫮, ࠭ ଠ  ࠧ묨 ᯮ-
.
   .  ⮩ - ࠭   !
   .   ࠭ ଠ  ⮣, ⮡  ᯮ짮-
.  ᯮᮡ ࠭ " "  訥 ஡-
  ᪮ 㦭 ꥪ  ଠ樮 ᢠ.
   .    ⨫, !   ४᭮ ⥡    -
  ⮡ ᮣᥭ.   ਤ㬠    ᯮᮡ ࠭-
 ᯨ᪠ த:  䠢. 쪮    ,  -
 ⠡.  ਧ,   㤥 ਧ ⮫,
⥭ -  㪢  䠢.       ਧ-
?
   .     ᫮?   ⠡ 㤥  ᥣ
 ப  ਧ 㤥 "த".   襣 -
⢠  㤮⢮:
      Ŀ
      𳆳
Ĵ
த                                 


   . ᫨   ⠡    A,    -
:
            堭  - A
                             1,1
                     - A
                             1,12
            ⮪  - A
                             1,3
                    - A
                             1,17
                    - A
                             1,12
            蠢      - A
                             1,3

   .  :  ⠡  ᯮ짮 
࠭ ᯨ᪠ த?
   .      ⮣,   쭥襬 ।
ᯮ짮 ଠ.   䠢 ᯮᮡ ࠭-
   ᥣ -    ⮫쪮 ᠭ ᫮-
  祣 .    ⠡, , 㤥  -
९⥫,  ࢠ - ⨪.
   .  ࠧ  ⠡ 砫  ⮣,   -
 .           
  .
   .  ⠪  ࠧ   誮   㪭㫨 -
...  .  ୥   窠.

     ⠫ KURSROB:
            Ŀ
                            ६ 
            Ĵ
            ..          <⠫>06-27-9710:26a
            DOC         <⠫>06-27-9710:27a
            ICON        <⠫>06-27-9710:27a
            KURS        <⠫>06-27-9710:28a
            SYS         <⠫>06-27-9710:27a
            go       bat        806-27-9710:39a
            ini      bat       2606-27-97 6:18p
            adp      exe   17,27712-11-95 6:20p
            desk     exe  129,85907-01-97 1:35p
            dp       exe   49,11807-24-9611:17a
            maindesk exe    5,60507-19-96 9:59a
            rdd      exe   17,36012-13-95 7:09p
            rview    exe   29,70110-16-95 9:40a
            desk     ini      90306-30-9710:29a
            dp       pic   47,61611-23-94 9:46a
            

    1. ⢥  ᫥騥    ⠡ Norton'
 ⠫ KURSROB.

   1)   ப  ⮫殢.
   2)    ࠪ᪨  ਧ  ᯮ짮  
      ஥ ⠡,   ਭ 祭?
   3)  ࠧ୮ ⮩ ⠡?

    2. ன ⠡  ᫥騬 ᠭ  ⢥-
  :
   1) T    = i+j (i = 1, ..., 5; j = 1, ..., 5)
       i,j

       )  ࠧ୮ ⮩ ⠡?
       ) 쪮 ⮪ ᮤন ⠡?
       )   ⠡ ᨬ筮?
       ) , 

                T     =  T     + 1,   j   i > 1
                 i,j      i-1,j

       ) , 

                T     =  T     + 1,   i   j > 1
                 i,j      i,j-1

        ) ,  㬬    ᥫ     ப 
         ⮫ ⠡ ⭠ .

   2) T    = 10i-j (i = 1, ..., 4; j = 1, ..., 5)
       i,j

       )  ࠧ୮ ⮩ ⠡?
       ) 쪮 ⮪ ᮤন ⠡?
       )   ⠡ ᨬ筮?

                     1  2  3  4  5

                  1  9 + 8+ 7+ 6+ 5   =35
                  2  19+18+17+16+15  =85
                  3  29+28+27+26+25  =135
                  4  39+38+37+36+35  =185

       ) , 

                T     -  T     = 10 ,   j   i < 4
                 i+1,j      i,j

       ) , 

                T     -  T     = 1,   i   j < 5
                 i,j+1    i,j

        ) ,  㬬    ᥫ     ப
        ⠡ ⭠ ,    ⮫ - ⭠ ६.

    3.    롮 ⠡楩? ᫨  ,  -
     ࠧ୮?     ࠪ᪨ ਧ
 ஥?
    4.   ⠡楩 ਪ, 頥 筮
   ⮪?
    5.   ⠡楩 誮쭮 ᯨᠭ ப?
    6. । ⠡  ࠧ饭  
   ) ᪨ ᮡ⨩
   )  ௫ 㤭 ।
   ) ᯨ᪠ 業  㤮  ࠧ 
   ) 䨪 誮 
   ) ਭ ண 
   )  ⢨⥫
   ) 
    7.  ⠡, ਢ ,   -
:
   )     Ŀ
           2  5 10 
          Ĵ
           5  8 13 
          Ĵ
           1013 18 
          

   )     Ŀ
           2  3  4 
          Ĵ
           5  6  7 
          Ĵ
           1011 12 
          


   )     Ŀ
           1  2 3  
          Ĵ
           2  2 3  
          Ĵ
           3  3 3  
          


   )     Ŀ
           1  1 1  
          Ĵ
           1  2 2  
          Ĵ
           1  2 3  
          


   )     Ŀ
           1  1 1  
          Ĵ
           2  2 2  
          Ĵ
           3  3 3  
          


   e)     Ŀ
           1  2 3  
          Ĵ
           1  2 3  
          Ĵ
           1  2 3  
          


   )     Ŀ
           1 1/21/3
          Ĵ
           2  1 2/3
          Ĵ
           3 3/21  
          


   )     Ŀ
           6 3  2  
          Ĵ
           12 6 4  
          Ĵ
           189  6  
          



    8.    ࠢ,    ஥ ᫥騥
⠡:

   )     Ŀ
                
          Ĵ
                
          Ĵ
                
          

   )     Ŀ
                
          Ĵ
                
          Ĵ
                
          

 )
          Ŀ
                           
     Ĵ
        ઠ   ⨢  
     Ĵ
          ஢  
     Ĵ
         㡳맮  
     


    9.   ப  ⮫殢  ᫥
⠡:

   )
        Ŀ
         ஢   
        Ĵ
          ࠳
        Ĵ
         ᮡୠ  
        

   )
      Ŀ
       泤
      

   )
    Ŀ
         ᫮   蠤  
    Ĵ
     廊    ᫮  蠤  
    Ĵ
     拉    ᫮  蠤  
    Ĵ
         ᫮  蠤  
    Ĵ
     拉   ᫮ 蠤 
    Ĵ
      拉   ᫮ 蠤
    

    )
        Ŀ
          ᫠⢮ਬ멳
        Ĵ
          ᮫멳⢮ਬ멳
        

    )   Ŀ
           100        1000 
         Ĵ
           -183  ⢥म ⥫ 7800 
         

2. 襭  窨

   .    ࠡ祬 ⮫ 窨 ᥣ  ,  ࠢ,
 뢠 室  ⥫ ࠭:

         Ŀ                             Ŀ
                                      
                                      
        ...                       ஢...

   .   ࠭  ᮡ࠭ ⮢ ࠦ. ।-
 ᭠砫   .
   .  誮  ࠭   "" ... -
 ।  묨 :

         Ŀ            Ŀ           Ŀ
                                
                                
                            

         Ŀ                             Ŀ
                                      
                                      
        English                            Francais

   . ।  砫    䨨.
   .    ࠦ.

2.1.   

   . ணࠬ 㧨,   ࠭    -
 :
               Ŀ
                                Ok 
               Ĵ
                     ய                 
                                        
                    ᪨ ꥪ      
                    ஢                 
                    ஢                     
                    ᥤ                      
                      ஫              
                    ᪨             
                                     
                    㭠  䫮 ᨨ        
                     ᨨ              
                    न         
                                            
                    த  ய      
               

   . 筥  浪,  ४ ய.
   .  ࠭  ⠡ ࠧ୮ 77. -
 ப  ⮫殢   㦠  த:
              Ŀ
              ࠳㠭   ࠤ  
  Ĵ
  ᫠                                         
  Ĵ
  ਦ                                              
  Ĵ
                                               
  Ĵ
  ᫠                                          
  Ĵ
  ᮭ                                             
  Ĵ
  ᥫ줮                                        
  Ĵ
                                            
  
   ஬ ⠡  ࠭ 뢥   ᫮ :
             Ŀ
                                   
             Ĵ
              ᫨    த-ப   - 
                  த-⮫    ४, 
               ன    
              ꥪ⮢ (ࠢ),   - 
                ⬥ 窮.        
             
   ᫮ ⭮,   ꥪ⮢  ࠭ .

   .       ""   
ணࠬ ( ᯮ  孥 㦥 ᪥):

  ணࠬ:
   ଠ  ࠧࠡ稪
         
            /⮯ 
                  㧠
                        ᫮ 
                            ࠢ筠 ଠ  
                                ࠢ筠  ଠ  
                                ணࠬ
                                   室  ணࠬ
                                   
                                   
Ŀ
ĿĿĿĿĿĿĿĿ                Ŀ
  ⳳ㧠  ?  ? STOP        볳
                ٳ
Ĵ
                                          Ŀ
                                                                  
       Ŀ                              
    Ĵ            ꥪ⮢      
    Ĵ                              
    Ĵ                              
    Ĵ      Ĵ
    Ĵ      Ŀ Ŀ
    Ĵ        ६             
    Ĵ         業  
          Ŀ           
                                             窨             
                                           ٳ
                                          ٳ
Ŀ
 ᪠                                                 
ٳ


2.2.  蠥,  ६ 

   .   "". ⢨⥫쭮,   ꥪ⮢
  ४: "㭠".
    㭠    ᫠  , ⮬  
⬥ 誮  ⪥ 1,3:
              Ŀ
              ࠳㠭   ࠤ  
  Ĵ
  ᫠                                        
  Ĵ
  ਦ                                              
  Ĵ
                                               
  Ĵ
  ᫠                                          
  Ĵ
  ᮭ                                             
  Ĵ
  ᥫ줮                                        
  Ĵ
                                            
  
   . ,   ᫥ ⬥⪨  ⠡ ꥪ  ᬥ-
.  ,  窠  ⮪  㣨 ⪠ ⠡-
.
   . ,     室  ᫮ "㭠", 
 ன ᪠ ( ࠭)  ⥪:
            Ŀ
               㯭 ४ 業ࠫ쭮 ய  
            
   .    ⮩ ணࠬ  ⥫쭮 ⭮   -
᪠:  ஢   襭.
   . 㭠 ᮥ  ᫠  ࠤ,   -
 ࠤ  :
              Ŀ
              ࠳㠭   ࠤ  
  Ĵ
  ᫠                                       
  Ĵ
  ਦ                                              
  Ĵ
                                             
  Ĵ
  ᫠                                          
  Ĵ
  ᮭ                                             
  Ĵ
  ᥫ줮                                        
  Ĵ
                                            
  

   ᫥  饫窮   ⠡, 㭠   ꥪ⮢ -
 ,   த 襭.

    ⨫     ⠡ "窨"  "६", -
᭨     ᪠  -  ணࠬ 㬥-
樨.
                    ६ , 窨  業
   ६  㪠  ,     ᫥   -
᪥, 饩  ࠢ  ६ 誠.
   ࠭    窨 ।⠢    ᮪ ࠧ-
 梥.   ᮪  뢠 ᮮ⭮襭   -
  饫窮   ⠡.   ᪨   ⢥⮢
ॢ蠥 3/5  ᥩ 誠,   ⠡ 砥 窠:
⠥,    .   뢠  -
  ணࠬ  ⢮ 20 ᥪ㭤.  祭 ⮣  ६
騩 砥 䭮 窮, ࠢ筮   ୮
饫  ⠡.  業    ᫮ ७ -
뢠   "業"   . ᫨   誠 "-
" ࠢ  100 栬,   業    ࠢ -
業  ⢥⮢.
    稢, 
   - ⥪ ६ ;
   -   "/⮯"   ;
   -    롨ࠥ  .

                          㧠  
   㧠 , ᫨ ப  墠⠥ 20 ᥪ㭤  뢠-
 ⢥    㦭 ⢫  襭 . 
 몫    ࠭      ண-
ࠬ.  ᬮ  ᫮  , ⥫쭮 ଠ樨  
ணࠬ 権 ࠢᨫ ⠭ .

                  (⥪⭠) ᪠
      ࠭ 뢮 ⥪ ⥪⭮ ᪠-
  ᨬ       ࠭. ⥪-
 ᪠  ࠧ   㯯 - ᪠ ண-
ࠬ  ᪠, ।ᬮ७ ⠢⥫ .
   ᪠  ணࠬ  뢮,     室  
  ணࠬ,  ,  ⠡ ६  業.
   ᫨ ⠢⥫ ।ᬮ७ ᪠,    뤠,
  ᯮ    ꥪ    ப
 ⮫殢 ஢ ⠡.

                          
     設 饫窠   ꥪ⮢ ப  ⪠-
  ⠭ ⥪饣 ꥪ  ⠡.  ⢨ 
  窮,    ਮ⠭ ६ .

                 ᬮ ⠭ ꥪ⮢
   ᫨ 饫 ࠢ    ⪥  ⠡,    
ꥪ⮢ 㤥    ꥪ, 饭   ᫥.
६ ᪠  ⮬  .    
  饫窮  ࠢ  ( ⨥  Esc  
).

   .  ⮢  窨


3. ࠡ⪠ 

   . 㯨   ᠬ ᭮  ࠡ  窮 -
ࠧࠡ⪥  .
   . ,  ࠭ 窨 㦭 ३   -
࠭ "஢":
Ŀ
ĿĿĿ                      ĿĿĿ
STOP    i             +  18:20:25
                      ٳ
Ĵ
                                                              
           Ŀ               Ŀ                        
                                                  
                                                  
       窠-                          
                                                              
           Ŀ               Ŀ                        
                                                  
                                                  
       ᠭ        ᠭ                     
                                                              
                                                    Ŀ    
                                                        
                                                        
                                                   ன  

   .     窨  ⮢  ணࠬ "-
-",   롮  -  " ".
   . , ᭠砫 㦭   "窠--
"?
   . ᫨ 짮⥫  ᮧ   ,
 ᫥⥫쭮 ࠡ   ⠪:
     - ᮧ -䠩  ணࠬ "窠-";
     - ᮧ 䠩-  ணࠬ " ";
     -  ࠭ "..."    ᮧ  .

   . ,  冷 ⢨     㣨,   
४樨 室.
   . ,   ,  㦠 ணࠬ "窠--
".     ௨   । ஢
.

3.1. ᪠ 窨

   .  ࠭    直     , 
 ⬥,  ࠡ  ⮩ ணࠬ 祭 .

  ணࠬ:

   ଠ  ࠧࠡ稪
   
        ࠡ  ᪮ ( ⥭   ⮢ )
        
              ( ⪨   ࠭)
            
                  ᫮  (  ᫮ )
                  
                      ࠢ筠 ଠ   (
                       ( ⥫ 㪠 
                       )
                      
                         ࠢ  ணࠬ
                          
                              室  ணࠬ
                              
                              
Ŀ
ĿĿĿĿĿĿĿ                ĿĿ
  ᪳ﳳ   ? ? STOP          볳
                ٳ
Ĵ
                                          Ŀ
                                          ĿĿ  ĿĿڿ
                                           2  3    4  5 ô
                                            ٳ
                                          Ŀ
                                                                
       Ŀ                1           
    Ĵ                            
    Ĵ      ٳ
    Ĵ      Ŀ
    Ĵ       Ŀڿ   Ŀڿ    
    Ĵ       6 ô V  7 ô    
    Ĵ              
    Ĵ       Ŀڿ              
            8 ô              
                                                         
                                           Ŀ     Ŀڿ    
                                            9      10 ô    
                                                    
                                          ٳ
                                          ٳ
Ŀ
 ᪠                                             ᳳ
ٳ

  ࠭:
1 -  ꥪ
2 -  " ꥪ  "
3 - ᫮ ꥪ⮢  
4 -  "㤠 ⥪騩 ꥪ  "
5 -  ⥪饣 ꥪ
6 - ᫮ ⮫殢 ⠡
7 - ᫮ ப ⠡
8 - ६ 
9 - ᯮᮡ ࠡ⪨ ꥪ, ᮮ⢥饣 ᪮쪨 ⪠
10 -  ࠭ 誠 業

   .   । ⠪ 冷 ନ஢  -
:
   1) ਤ㬠  ( ᠬ 㤭).
   2) । ࠬ :
      - ࠧ୮ ;
      - ६ ;
      - 稭 孥 ࠭  業;
      - ᯮᮡ  ࠡ⪨  ꥪ⮢, ६  ਭ騬
        ᪮쪨 ⪠ ⠡.
   3)    ⠡   ⥪ ன ࠢ 
      .
   4)  ⥪ ᫮ .
   5)  ⥪   ᫮  (᫨  -
      室).
   6)  ꥪ

3.1.1.  ᫮ - ਤ㬠 

   .  ਤ㬠   ଠ⨪,   ᭮ 
᫥饩 ⠡:
                           Ŀ
                           ன⢮   
               Ĵ
                ࠭                      
               Ĵ
                ।                      
               Ĵ
                ࠡ⪠                     
               
     ⠡   ꥪ,  易  -
樥.
   .   ப :  㪠뢠 ⢨, -
   ந    ଠ樥,    ⮫殢
ॡ ᭥.
   .    ⮫   ꥪ, 騥
ࠧ ன⢠,    믮  ࠭, । 
ࠡ ଠ樨.  ன ⮫   ᠭ
⢨  ଠ樥. ਬ, ⥫䮭, 筮  ਭ-
 ࢮ ⮫,   ⥫䮭 ࠧ - ஬.  -
⮢ ᯨ᮪  15 ꥪ⮢ (     !)  襩 -
.   :  冷      -
祭  ⮪,   ਭ.
   . .    ⠡ 㪢 T, ⮣ ⪨ 
⢮ ᯨ᪥  ⠪:

䮭 T
                             2,1
䮭 ࠧ  T
                             2,2
  T   , T   , T
                             1,1   2,1   3,1
   T
                             1,1
⥭  ᪠  T
                             2,2
    T
                             2,2
  ᪥  T
                             1,2
  T
                             3,1
믮 ணࠬ  T
                             3,2
  T
                             2,1
 ᫠    T
                             2,2
  T
                             1,1
 ꥪ  ⠡  T
                             2,2
ꥪ  ⠡  T
                             1,2

   .  ,    ⪨ ᤥ ࠢ쭮.
   . ꥪ ""  諮 ਯ ࠧ  ६
⪠.
   .  ࠢ쭮,   ன⢮ ।祭  -
ࠡ⪨, ࠭  । ଠ樨.
   .   蠥    ?
   . ,   㦭 ࠢ쭮 ⠭ ࠬ "ᯮ-
ᮡ ࠡ⪨ ꥪ⮢".

3.1.2.  ࠬ஢ 

   .   ⠪   祬  ?
   . ᬮ   ࠭    ⠭ ࠬ஢ 
  窮:
                      Ŀ
                      Ŀ          -- 
                           \  /   
                            \/    
                                   
                      
      ⮣   ࠧ  蠥    ⮬, 
㯠,   ꥪ ᮮ⢥ ६  ᪮쪨
⪠. ᫨   ⠢ 窠,  窠 㤥 -
  饣 ⠭ ꥪ   ⪨,  
ਭ (⠪ 뫮    ४). ᫨  窨 , 
饬 筮 ⠢ ꥪ  ,  易  
.
   . ⭮.   㡨  ⠢ ?
   .  饫窮  ,    ஬    ᮢ.
 饫箪 㡨ࠥ ,  ன 頥   .
   .  窠 ⠭,  㦭  襩 . 
 ⠡  ࠭ ᮢ ୮.    4 ப 
4 ⮫.   㦭 ⠡ ࠧ୮ 32.
   . ୮ ⠡ ⠭    
  ⪠ "H" ( ப)  "V" ( ⮫殢):

                   Ŀڿ   Ŀڿ
                   4 ô V  4 ô
                      

     "H"  "V"   㦭 ᫠ - 3  2. 
 ࠧ୮ ⠡   -㣮 -   ,
ᯮ 冷  ᫮묨 ﬨ.
   .  ஡  ,  㣮 ᯮᮡ. ᫮ ப  -
   饫窮   ,  ᫮  ⮫殢   -
 ""   "V". ⮢:

                   Ŀڿ   Ŀڿ
                   3 ô V  2 ô
                      

   .   ⠭ ६   .  -
  , 冷  묨 ᠬ.
   . 冷   ⨬  ⮦ ᯮ . , 
   믮   ᯮᠡ?
   . 筮, 筮 ⠪ ,       ⠭  孥
࠭  業. 冷  ⨬  ᮢ .
   .  ६   -  ࠬ.    ⥪,
 稢.     業,  ᫮  -
  ?
   .   ᫮ 5.    ᯥ  饣  
業  ⨡쭮 誠.    ,  
ᤥ    訡,    ,  ᮢ   楫
.
     ᫮  20. ,   ࠭᪨ 誮, -
 ᯮ짮 20-쭠 ⥬.
      ᫮  100.  業  ⮩ ⮡쭮 誠
뢠 業⮬. 訥 ப 믮    
業⮢.    業⮢ 믮  ,   ࠧ
 ⠭ ꥪ  ࠢ .
   .     ࠭, ࠢ 50?
   .      ⮬    ᫮  999.  
 ࠧ㬭 ਠ 5, 10  100.
   . ,  뢠 ᫮ 10.

3.1.3.   ⠡
   .   ⠡   ࠭      
ப  ⮫殢,  ⠪ ⥪  ᪠  .
   . ⮡    -  ⠡, 㦭
 饫     . -५ -
   אַ㣮쭨    ⥪⮢ ।. 室 
। - 饫箪  ࠢ    ⨥  Esc
 .
   .     ⭮,      -
᪠     ?
   .   ᪠  ப ᯮ  祭 -
⥫쭮 ଠ樨  ப  ⮫ ⠡ ( -
  ࠭,  짮⥫ ⠭ 設 -
  ).  ⮬ ᫨ ,  ᪠  
 ⮬,   ᠭ   ᠬ ,  뭮  -
 ᪠.
   㣮 砩 -    ᫨誮 묨  ⮣-
  ⠡   ᫮ 祭,    -
᪠ -  ⥪.
   .  室  । ன  ᪠ 㦭 饫
ࠢ    ᮮ⢥饬  ⠡.
   . , ⭮...   ⠪ ⥪:
   - "ன⢮, ஥  ࠡ⠥   ଠ樥" -  -
 ⮫ "ன⢮",
   - " ࠭,  ࠡ⪨    । ଠ樨" -
  ⮫ "",
   - "࠭ ଠ樨" -   ப "࠭",
   - "। ଠ樨" -   ப "।",
   - "ࠡ⪠ ଠ樨" -   ப "ࠡ⪠".

3.1.4.  ᫮ 
   .   ᫮    ⢥ ࠭-
   孥 㦥 ᪥ ணࠬ.
   .  ࠭  誮:
           Ŀ
                    ᫮       Ok
           Ĵ
                                            
                                            
                                            
           
       ⠪ ⥪:
   "।,     ꥪ ன⢮   ᠭ
 ࠡ  ଠ樥."
   . ਤ㬠        㫨஢  ⠪-
.   ⥪  ⢮  ᫮ 㪠 ਧ ।
ꥪ⮢   ⮫栬,  祣     ⮬,  롨-
 ப.
   . ,   ⠪...     -   
 ࠧ. , !
   .   ਠ:
        Ŀ
                        ᫮              Ok
        Ĵ
             ⥪-ꥪ ।:      
           -      ன⢠   
         ᠭ ଠ樮 ;           
           -   ⨯ ଠ樮  ࠡ     
         易.                                       
            ᮮ⢥⢨    ⨬  ⬥  ⠡ 
          ( ᪮쪮) 室 ⮪.       
        
   . ஢! 祣  饭   ⭮!

3.1.5.    ᫮  

   .   ࠧ ⠥ 㪨 ୮ ⢮⢠
 ਤ㬠  ⥪,  騩    騩 ᫮. 
⥪ 뢠   誮,  ஥   ⨨ 
 ࠭   孥 ᪥ ࠭:
           Ŀ
                ࠢ筠 ଠ   Ok
           Ĵ
                                            
                                            
                                            
           
   .  ।       - ਬ,
訩 襭 .
   .   . । ꥪ "䮭"  "-
訢 䮭 ":    ᯨ᪥ ꥪ⮢, -
⮢  .
   .     稫:
        Ŀ
                    ࠢ筠 ଠ          Ok
        Ĵ
                      騥 ਬ               
           ꥪ "䮭"  -  ன⢮,   
         訢     ଠ樨,  ⮬ 
          ᮮ⢥ ⪠  祭 ⮫- 
          "ன⢮"  ப "।".         
           ꥪ "訢 䮭 " 
         뢠  । ଠ樨, - 
             ᮮ⢥ ⪠   祭 
         ப "।"  ⮫ "".        
        

3.1.6.  ꥪ⮢

   .  ᯨ᮪ ꥪ⮢     祭  .  
⮣ 㦭  ᪮쪮 ࠧ ᫥ 楤:
       -  ⥪   ꥪ⮢;
       - ⬥  ⠡ ᮮ⢥騥 ⪨;
       -  (᫨ 室) ⥪ ன ᪠;
       -  ⮢ ꥪ  .
   .   뢠  ᪠  ꥪ?
   .  ,     ⠡.  室   -
 ᪠ 㦭 饫 ࠢ     ६,
  ᯮ  ꥪ.
   . ஢ਬ ⢮ .
   -   ꥪ⮢ 뢠 ᫮ "䮭".
   -  誮   ⪥ ⠡, ᯮ  -
祭 ன ப  ࢮ ⮫;
   - 뢠 ᪠: "ன⢮  ன 裡";
   -    " ꥪ  " (  -
ᮢ  "+").
       稫?     ⪨ ய 
࠭. ࠢ, ⠡  冷   "+"  ᢮ -
    .
   . ந諮 ᫥饥: ணࠬ  ꥪ  -
⮢  ࠭   ᮧ . ,  ஬  ᥩ
 窠, 뢠 ᫮ ꥪ⮢  .
   .   ᫨  ⨫ 訡,     ࠢ?
   . 冷  ன ࠭   "-" ᯮ -
஥ ⠡  ५ ,.    㦨   ᬮ ⮢
ꥪ⮢. ᫨    ⠭ ᫮  1,    ࠭  ᭮
  ꥪ,   ᬮ  ࠢ.
   .     ⬥  ⠡?
   .      .
   .   祣 㦨 ࠭  "-"?
   .  㤠  ꥪ  .
    ᤥ        砭:  饫箪 ࠢ
   ⠡ 뢮    ⪨ ᫮ ⭮  
ꥪ⮢.   祭  㤮:  ᥣ  ᬮ, ᪮쪮
ꥪ⮢   ⪥    ⪨ 易  ꥪ⠬.

   ࠢ塞 ᥧ騬 ⥩,     ᯨ᮪
ꥪ⮢    ਣ⮢ 뢠   .

3.1.7.  ⮢ 
   .       ⠫ TASK  ᮧ ᯥ樠
⠫ KUK.  㤠 㦭  ⮢ 䠩.
   .  ࠭  "":
                      Ŀ
                                    
                      Ĵ
                      Ŀ
                           ⥭...  
                      ٳ
                      Ŀ
                           ...  
                      ٳ
                      
    ᪮  롨 ࠧ "...".  ࠭ -
 誮    䠩:
   Ŀ
                                           Ok
   Ĵ
   Ŀ                                           
      ⠫                                           
                                              
   Ŀ
   .\TASK\noname.tab                                     
   ٳ
   
   .   ᠭ ࠭  "noname.tab".  -
  㪠   ᪥,   ⮦    室.
   .    ""  ᢮ ,   -
   ⠫.
   .  誮   "⠫"   ࠭ -
  :
                   Ŀ
                                Ok
                   Ĵ
                   Ŀ
                   OB\KURS\1\KLETKA\TASK 
                   ٳ
                    ĿĿ
                    ..                
                    ENGLISH           Ĵ
                    FRANCAIS           
                    GEO                
                    HIS                
                    KUK                
                    SPORT              
                                      Ĵ
                                      
                    ٳ
                    Ŀ 
                     a bcd f h         
                     
                   
   . ३  ⠫ "KUK".
   .     誮:
                   Ŀ
                                Ok
                   Ĵ
                   Ŀ
                   URS\1\KLETKA\TASK\KUK 
                   ٳ
                    ĿĿ
                    ..                
                                      Ĵ
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                      Ĵ
                                      
                    ٳ
                    Ŀ 
                     a bcd f h         
                     
                   
   .    "Ok",      䠩 
㦭   ⠫ KUK:
   Ŀ
                                           Ok
   Ĵ
   Ŀ                                           
      ⠫                                           
                                              
   Ŀ
   .\TASK\KUK\                                           
   ٳ
   
   . , ᪮쪮  ,      -
    䠩   .    ࠤ樨 -
  "kuk1.tab":
   Ŀ
                                           Ok
   Ĵ
   Ŀ                                           
      ⠫                                           
                                              
   Ŀ
   .\TASK\KUK\kuk1.tab                                   
   ٳ
   
   .   "Ok",   㤥 ᠭ.

3.2.  

   .   ⮢    ᠭ    ⠫
KUK.    ணࠬ 窠-   
 .  㯠  ᮧ  롮.
   .     ⮫쪮  , 祬     
?
   .  䠩-,  窠  ࠡ  㤥.  
 㤥 ᥣ  㭪,    譮.  祭 ,
 ᫮     㢥.      
  㤥 ⠪ .
   .   ।⠢ ᮡ  窨?
   .  㦥   ᭮ ,  蠫 . 
  窨 -   䠩,    ஬  
   䠩,   ᠭ  .
   .  祭 宦   ᥫ ⨭.    -
뢠  ஭.
   .   窨    ⮢   ᯥ樠쭮
।.
   . .   " ":

    ଠ  ࠧࠡ稪
        ࠡ  ᪮
            ࠢ                    Ŀ
                室  ணࠬ       ᪥    
Ŀ
ĿĿĿĿ                                 Ŀ
                                                    
                                 ٳ
Ĵ
         Ŀ           
          Ŀ Ŀ            
             ঠ                          
          Ĵ Ĵ            
                                                       
                                             
            뢠  뢠                 
                   䠩,                
                     ᮤঠ                   
                                                 
                                                       
                                        Ĵ            
                                                      
                       
                    


    ⠢ ⠪ :
          Ŀ
             ঠ               
          Ĵ
          1.ଠ樮 kuk1    
          < ⥪>                   
          

          ஡    㦥 ப
"< ⥪>".  ⮣ ⮡ "⮣"  ,   -
᪠ ᥧ饣    Shift+Ins  ⠢ -
⮩ ப.  ᪠ ⠪ ,   䠩 뢠-
    ७. 窠 ᠬ ,  ७
    - "tab".
   -   "kuk.lst"  ᠫ   ⠫ KUK,
㤠,  ᯮ  .

    10.  ⨫,  ᠭ   ⮦ -
 ⠡楩.     ⮨ ⮫쪮   -
,     㤥  , ᫮ ⮪ 㢥. -
    ᫥騥 , ।     窨
ᠭ 10 .
   )  ࠧ୮  ᮮ⢥饩 ⠡?
   ) 쪮   ⮪?
   )  ଠ ᠭ  ⪠?
   )  ⥪ 㦠  ப  ⮫殢?
   )   ⠡-  ᨬ筮?
   )   ⠡-  ⭮?

   3.3.    

   . ᭮ 襬 , ⥯ 㦭   
   맮 窨  砬 㪮.
   .  㬠,   ᥫ ⨪, 窠 -
  ࠬ஬.  ࠬ஬ 㦨  䠩-.
   . 襭 ࠢ쭮!
   . , ⮣  㤥 ⭮,   ᯮ 
⮩  :

Ŀ
                                                  Ok
Ĵ
     Ŀ   Ŀ      Ŀ 
         ணࠬ       ⮣ࠬ 
               
            Ŀ               Ŀ 
    㪠                      ࠳  
                            
            Ŀ 
 ணࠬ  .\KURS\1\KLETKA\tabs.exe .\TASK\KUK\kuk.lst     
             
            Ŀ 
 ⮣ࠬ.\ICON\kuk.cut                                  
             
Ŀ Ŀ         Ŀ 
   ⳑ࠭               ⳏࠬ      
             
   Ŀ         Ŀ 
 Ⳋ DOS            Ⳇ          
                      


    ,   ࠡ祬 ⮫ , ࠤ-
 ⮫ .  ᪠,  ࠭   룫廊
ࠧ ⭥.
Ŀ
ĿĿĿ                      ĿĿĿ
STOP    i                      +  18:20:25
                      ٳ
Ĵ
                                                              
       Ŀ              Ŀ             Ŀ          
                                            
                                            
                                         
                                                              
       Ŀ              Ŀ             Ŀ          
                                            
                                            
      English             㪠         Francais         
                                                              
                                                              
                                                              
                                                              
                                                              


    11.  䠩 室 ⥯  ⠫ KUK  ᪥?
 奬-ॢ ⮣ ⠫.
    1.   ⢨ 㪮  ᮧ  -
,       .
    2. ਤ㬠 ᪮쪮    窨.  -
 ணࠬ 窠-  ᮧ    䠩  -
   ⠫ KUK.  묨 㭪⠬  㪠 
஢ ⢮  ஡ 襭.
